Students’ Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability through Problem Based Learning
Authors
Muhsin Hanis , Wahyudin Wahyudin , Fitriani Andhin DyasDOI:
10.29303/jm.v7i4.10399Published:
2025-12-06Issue:
Vol. 7 No. 4 (2025): DesemberKeywords:
problem solving skill, PBL, Mathematics, elementary schoolArticles
Downloads
How to Cite
Downloads
Abstract
This study aims to analyze and describe students’ mathematical problem-solving (MPS) ability through the implementation of PBL treatment on the topic of the perimeter of plane figures in fifth-grade elementary students. The research employed a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design, specifically a one-shot case study. The participants consisted of 21 fifth-grade students selected using a purposive sampling technique. The research instrument was a problem-solving test that had been validated for both validity and reliability. The results indicate that PBL contributes significantly to students’ achievement in problem-solving ability. Based on the one-sample t-test, the significance value obtained was < 0.001, indicating that the proposed hypothesis was accepted at the 0.05 significance level. Furthermore, the students’ mean MPS score was 85.39, with a median of 90 and a skewness value of -1.320, which signifies a left-skewed distribution, meaning that most students achieved high scores. Furthermore, when viewed across the four problem-solving procedures, only the third stage—solving problems according to the determined procedures—had a percentage below 70%. This lower percentage was primarily due to inaccuracies in calculation processes, which affected the final results. Such errors were more likely caused by miscalculations rather than by the selection of inappropriate problem-solving strategies.
References
Ahmad, Margayanti, D., Maslahah, F., & Manazila, S. (2024). Transformasi Pembelajaran Matematika: Panduan untuk Guru Abad 21. Amerta Media.
Arends, R. I. (2012). Learning to Teach (Nineth). McGraw-Hill.
Arifin, M. (2020). Strategi Pembelajaran Numbered Head Together (NHT) dalam Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa Pada Materi Statistika. Didactical Mathematics, 2(2), 10. https://doi.org/10.31949/dmj.v2i2.2074
BSKAP. (2025). Capaian Pembelajaran pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, Jenjang Pendidikan Dasar, dan Jenjang Pendidikan Menengah. Kemdikdasmen.
Burton, L. (1980). The teaching of mathematics to young children using a problem solving approach.
Educational Studies in Mathematics, 11(1), 43–58. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00369159
Chen, Y.-W., Chang, W.-H., & Kuo, C.-C. (2016). A comparative study of the divergent problem-solving abilities of mathematically and scientifically talented students and nongifted students. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 22, 247–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2016.10.009
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2009). Research methods in education (6. ed., reprint). Routledge.
Daeli, A. L. (2023). Penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan matematis siswa kelas V-A SDN 071184 tetesua. Elementary: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Dasar, 3(1), 18–25. https://doi.org/10.51878/elementary.v3i1.1946
Darmawan, A. D., Fardani, M. A., & Ermawati, D. (2024). Tingkat Keefektivan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (Pbl) Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Kelas 5 SD. Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 09.
Dewi, N. & Saharuddin. (2024). The Mathematical Problem-Solving Abilities of Elementary School Students in Solving Story. JUDIKDAS: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Dasar Indonesia, 3(2), 91–104. https://doi.org/10.51574/judikdas.v3i2.1227
Faulkner, F., Breen, C., Prendergast, M., & Carr, M. (2023). Profiling mathematical procedural and problem-solving skills of undergraduate students following a new mathematics curriculum. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 54(2), 220–249. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020739X.2021.1953625
Firdaus, Z., Masytoh, E. U., Amalia, N., Rahayu, W., & Amaliyah, F. (2023). Efektivitas Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Student Teams Achievement Division Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan, Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya (Mateandrau), 2(2), 01–13. https://doi.org/10.55606/mateandrau.v2i21399
Gay, L. R., Mills, G. E., & Airasian, P. W. (2012). Educational research: Competencies for analysis and applications (10th ed). Pearson.
Geisinger, K. F. (2016). 21st Century Skills: What Are They and How Do We Assess Them? Applied Measurement in Education, 29(4), 245–249. https://doi.org/10.1080/08957347.2016.1209207
Hakim, D. L. (2017). Penerapan Permainan Saldermath Algebra Dalam Pelajaran Matematika Siswa Kelas VII SMP Di Karawang. JIPMat, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.26877/jipmat.v2i1.1476
Indarwati, D., Wahyudi, W., & Ratu, N. (2014). Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Melalui Penerapan Problem Based Learning Untuk Siswa Kelas V SD. Satya Widya, 30(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.24246/j.sw.2014.v30.i1.p17-27
Jannah, M., Hilyana, F. S., & Purwaningrum, J. P. (2023). Penggunaan Model Contextual Teaching And Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Sekolah Dasar. JP2M (Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Matematika), 9(2), 239–244. https://doi.org/10.29100/jp2m.v9i2.4484
Jupri, A., & Hidayat, A. S. (2022). Problem-solving Approach and Its Impact on Creative Thinking Ability of Prospective Mathematics Teachers. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 16(3), 257–268. https://doi.org/10.22342/jpm.16.3.17820.257-268
Lestari, S., & Winanto, A. (2022). Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Inquiry dan Problem Based Learning terhadap Kemampuan Memecahkan Masalah Matematika Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(6), 9967–9978. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i6.4203
Liljedahl, P., Santos-Trigo, M., Malaspina, U., & Bruder, R. (2016). Problem Solving in Mathematics Education. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40730-2
Mahmudah, D. A., Huda, K., & Susanto, F. A. (2024). Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Melalui Penerapan Problem Based Learning (Pbl) Pada Siswa Kelas V SDN Banjarsari Kulon 02. Didaktik : Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD FKIP Universitas Mandiri, 10(04).
Moallem, M., Dabbagh, N., & Hung, W. (Eds.). (2019). The Wiley Handbook of problem-based learning. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119173243
Monica, H., Kesumawati, N., & Septiati, E. (2019). Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Dan Keyakinan Matematis Siswa. MaPan: Jurnal Matematika dan Pembelajaran, 7(1), 155–166. https://doi.org/10.24252/mapan.2019v7n1a12
NCTM (Ed.). (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.
NCTM (Ed.). (2005). Principles and standards for school mathematics (4. print). National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.
Peterson, M. (1997). Skills to Enhance Problem-based Learning. Medical Education Online, 2(1), 4289. https://doi.org/10.3402/meo.v2i.4289
Pólya, G. (2004a). How to solve it: A new aspect of mathematical method (Expanded Princeton Science Library edition). Princeton University Press.
Pólya, G. (2004b). How to solve it: A new aspect of mathematical method (Expanded Princeton Science Library edition). Princeton University Press.
Refvik, K. A. S., & Opsal, H. (2023). Do Optional Programming Courses Affect Eighth-Grade Students’ Mathematical Problem Solving? Computers in the Schools, 40(3), 244–261. https://doi.org/10.1080/07380569.2023.2175634
Reys, R. E., Lindquist, M. M., Lambdin, D. V., Smith, N. L., Rogers, A., Cooke, A., Ewing, B., Robson, K., & Bennett, S. (2017). Helping children learn mathematics (Second edition). John Wiley and Sons Australia, Ltd.
Santoso, G., Supiati, A., & Galih, S. (2023a). Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Melalui Problem Based Learning (PBL) Siswa Kelas IV SDN Periuk 1 Kota. Jurnal Pendidikan Transformatif (JPT), 02(04).
Santoso, G., Supiati, A., & Galih, S. (2023b). Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Melalui Problem Based Learning (PBL) Siswa Kelas IV SDN Periuk 1 Kota. 02(04).
Sapoetra, B. P., & Hardini, A. T. A. (2020). Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning ditinjau dari Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 4(4), 1044–1051. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v4i4.503
Tan, O. S. (2009). Problem-based learning and creativity. Cengage Learning Asia.
Udmah, S., Purwaningrum, J. P., & Ermawati, D. (2024). Penggunaan Media KOKUBA untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kewirausahaan, 12(1), 59–74. https://doi.org/10.47668/pkwu.v11i2.1016
’Ulya, S., Sukamto, S., Arfiningsih, Y., & Wuryandini, E. (2024). Pengaruh Model PBL pada Materi Analisis Data Kelas V SDN Mlatiharjo 01 terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika. JagoMIPA: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika dan IPA, 4(2), 388–395. https://doi.org/10.53299/jagomipa.v4i2.697
Walle, J. A. V. de, Karp, K. S., & Bay-Williams, J. M. (2016). Elementary and middle school mathematics: Teaching developmentally (Ninth edition (loose-leaf version)). Pearson.
Widyastuti, R. T., & Airlanda, G. S. (2021). Efektivitas Model Problem Based Learning terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 5(3), 1120–1129. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v5i3.896
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhsin Hanis, Wahyudin Wahyudin, Fitriani Andhin Dyas
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
