The Influence of Monsoon Winds on Humidity, Cloud Cover, and Rainfall in Bengkulu City
DOI:
10.29303/jpft.v11i1a.8811Published:
2025-07-27Issue:
Vol. 11 No. 1a (2025): Special IssueKeywords:
cloud cover, humidity, rainfall, monsoon windsArticles
Downloads
How to Cite
Downloads
Metrics
Abstract
The city of Bengkulu, which borders the Indian Ocean, has unique weather and climate. The ENSO phenomenon in 2023 will also strengthen the impact of monsoon winds on weather parameters in Bengkulu City. This research aims to analyze the influence of monsoon winds on air humidity, cloud cover and rainfall in Bengkulu City during 2022-2024. Data including wind speed and direction, humidity, cloud cover, and rainfall, were analyzed using WRPLOT View, ArcGIS, Panoply, and Excel software. The method used is descriptive, quantitative and statistical analysis. The results show that during the Northwest Monsoon (January 2022–2024), the dominant winds are from the northwest and northeast with cloud cover (80%) and the highest rainfall is 449 mm/month and the lowest is 208 mm/month. In Transition Monsoon I (April 2022–2024), the wind direction is from the northwest, the highest humidity is 94%, cloud cover (75%) and rainfall is medium to high. In the Southeast Season (August 2022), the wind direction varies greatly with the highest (95%) and lowest (77%) air humidity and the highest rainfall of 558 mm/month. Meanwhile, August and October 2023 will see a decrease in rainfall, where the rainfall will be 10 – 84 mm/month due to the El Niño phenomenon. Transition Season II (October 2022 and 2024) the wind direction varies greatly, namely from the southeast, northwest and north, rainfall varies from low to high. The highest correlation coefficient for rainfall with humidity was 0.45 at the Bengkulu Climatology Station and the lowest was 0.22 at the Bengkulu University Station. The highest correlation with cloud cover was 0.67 at Tanjung Agung Station and the lowest was 0.53 at Bengkulu Climatology Station. This study reveals that the northwest monsoon contributes to high humidity and rainfall, and El Niño will reduce rainfall significantly in 2023. These results indicate that monitoring seasonal winds is very important for predicting hydrometeorological disasters in Bengkulu City.
References
Al-Azkia, M. W., Hitayuwana, N., Khusna, Z. A., & Widodo, E. (2019). Analisis Temperature dan Kelembaban Terhadap Curah Hujan di Kabupaten Sleman Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. “Seminar Nasional Teknologi” Creative and Innovative Education In The Industry 4.0: The Current Trends, 77–85. http://www.academia.edu/download/60736032/Prosiding_Semnas_UNY20190929-115443-l9fobt.pdf#page=97
Baharrizky, A. F., Kurniawati, N., Mardiansyah, W., Setiabudidaya, D., Sailah, S., Satya, O. C., & Irfan, M. (2024). Pengaruh Interaksi Laut-Atmosfer terhadap Evolusi El-Niño pada Musim Kemarau Tahun 2023. 50–56.
BMKG. (2023). BULETIN IKLIM. Diakses pada tanggal 1 Februari 2025 : https://staklim-sumsel.bmkg.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/BULETIN-BMKG-EDISI-OKTOBER-2023.web_.pdf
Estiningtyas, W., Susanti, E., Syahbuddin, H., & Sulaiman, A. A. (2020). Penentuan Wilayah Kunci Keragaman Iklim Indonesia Menggunakan Indikator Global untuk Mendukung Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim. Jurnal Tanah Dan Iklim, 42(1), 59. https://doi.org/10.21082/jti.v42n1.2018.59-68
Fernalia, F., Pawiliyah, P., Triana, N., Colin, V., Listiana, D., Herman, A., Dwiana, D., Sasmita, F. N., Refwan, R., & Elese, V. (2022). Pembentukan Kelompok Masyarakat Terlatih Water Rescue di Kampung Binaan Segana. Jurnal Kreativitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (Pkm), 5(3), 705–710. https://doi.org/10.33024/jkpm.v5i3.6195
Firdaus, M. D., Syamsuddin, M. L., & Yulihastin, E. (2024). Ocean Contribution to Coastal Heavy Rainfall During Dry Season (Case Study of Bengkulu 2016-2022). Berkala Sainstek, 12(2), 84. https://doi.org/10.19184/bst.v12i2.43989
Giarno, Hadi, M. P., Suprayogi, S., & Herumurti, S. (2020). Impact of rainfall intensity, monsoon and MJO to rainfall merging in the Indonesian maritime continent. Journal of Earth System Science, 129(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-020-01427-8
Haryanto, Y. D., Agdialta, R., & Hartoko, A. (2020). Analisis Monsun Di Laut Jawa. Berkala Perikanan Terubuk, 48(2), 492–500. https://terubuk.ejournal.unri.ac.id/index.php/JT/article/view/7924/6830
Houze, R. A. (2012). Orographic effects on precipitating clouds. Reviews of Geophysics, 50(1), 1–47. https://doi.org/10.1029/2011RG000365
Islami, M. F., T, N. F., Falah, N., Khairunnisa, F., & Jamal, N. A. (2024). Analisis Karakteristik Perbandingan Curah Hujan Wilayah Pesisir dan Wilayah Perbukitan Kota Makassar. LaGeografia, 22(2), 196. https://doi.org/10.35580/lageografia.v22i2.59403
Kusuma, A. R., Sudartil, & Yushardi. (2024). Studi Literatur : Mekanisme Angin Darat Dan Laut Literature Stud : Mechanisms Of Land And Sea Winds And. 7(1). https://doi.org/10.31605/phy.v7i1.3831
Lu, F., Mohtadi, M., & Pausata, F. S. R. (2024). Dynamics of the intertropical convergence zone during the early Heinrich Stadial 1. Nature Communications, 15(1), 9753. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53999-4
Madinah, N., Sudiar, N. Y., Amir, H., & Dwiridal, L. (2025). Analisis Kondisi Atmosfer Saat Kejadian Hujan Ekstrem di Sumatera Barat ( Studi Kasus : 7- 8 Maret 2024 ). 9(mm), 6358–6369.
NUR HABIB MUZAKI , ESTRI DINIYATI, RIZALDO RADITYA PRATAMA, A. M. (2021). Analisis Kondisi Atmosfer Saat Kejadian Hujan Lebat Dan Angin Kencang Di Probolinggo Berdasarkan Citra Satelit Dan Citra Radar Nur Habib Muzaki * , Estri Diniyati, Rizaldo Raditya Pratama, Aditya Mulya. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Inovasi Fisika), 05(02), 142–156. www.noaa.gov.
Paski, J. A. I. (2022). ANALISIS DINAMIKA ATMOSFER KEJADIAN BANJIR DI BENGKULU 21 AGUSTUS 2022. 3(5), 10–19.
Sitompul, L. M., Wira Citra, F., & Silaban, N. (2023). Pengaruh Iklim di Provinsi Bengkulu (Keunikan dan Dampaknya). Jurnal Georafflesia, 8(2), 180–184. https://journals.unihaz.ac.id/index.php/georafflesia
Wardani, A., Akbar, A. J., Handayani, L., & Lubis, A. M. (2023). Correlation Among Rainfall, Humidity, and The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Phenomena in Bengkulu City During the Period from 1985-2020. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(4), 1664–1671. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i4.2971
Winaktu, G., & Ingsih, I. S. (2022). Pola Angin Laut Di Kawasan Pantai TPI Desa Bulurejo Di Kabupaten Lumajang Dengan Metode Windrose. Serambi Engineering , 7(3), 3667–3673.
Author Biographies
Ella Warahma, University of Bengkulu
Physics Study Program
Lizalidiawati Lizalidiawati, University of Bengkulu
Physics Study Program
Irkhos Irkhos, University of Bengkulu
Physics Study Program
Tuti Herawati, BMKG
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Ella Warahma, Lizalidiawati Lizalidiawati, Ikhros Ikhros, Tuti Herawati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika dan Teknologi (JPFT) agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License (CC-BY-SA License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika dan Teknologi (JPFT).
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
