Risk Factor Analysis of Influence of Diet on Incidence of Anemia
DOI:
10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10174Published:
2025-10-01Downloads
Abstract
Anemia is a global health problem affecting approximately one-quarter of the world's population and remains a major concern in Indonesia, particularly among adolescents and young adults. University students, as part of the young adult group, are at risk of developing anemia due to several factors, especially unhealthy dietary patterns, unbalanced diets, and insufficient intake of macro- and micronutrients essential for hemoglobin synthesis. This study aims to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and the incidence of anemia among university students, particularly medical students. This research employed a literature review method using purposive sampling from PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases, with the keywords “dietary patterns” and “anemia.” A total of 24 relevant articles in both Indonesian and English were analyzed descriptively. The findings indicate a significant relationship between dietary patterns and anemia. Low consumption of iron, vitamin B12, and folate, along with habits such as skipping breakfast, are associated with a higher risk of decreased hemoglobin levels. Several studies demonstrated a significant correlation between dietary quality and anemia, although some reported inconsistent results.
Keywords:
Anemia, dietary habit, influence.References
Aditianti, A., Prihatini, S., & Hermina, H. (2016). Pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku individu tentang makanan beraneka ragam sebagai salah satu indikator Keluarga Sadar Gizi (KADARZI). Indonesian Bulletin of Health Research, 44(2), 117-126.
Agarwal, S. K. (2022). Lifestyles and Their Association with Hematological Diseases. Asian Hematology Research Journal, 6(1), 21-33. https://journalahrj.com/index.php/AHRJ/article/view/107
Amaliyah, M. (2022). Pengaruh pola makan terhadap kesehatan mahasiswa. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 18(2), 115–123.
Bhadra, P., & Deb, A. (2020). A review on nutritional anemia. Indian Journal of Natural Sciences, 10(59), 18466-18474.
Choudhary, R., Koshti, A., & Malik, R. (2020). Study of Morphological Pattern of Anaemia at a Tertiary Care Centre. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 9(8), 468-473. 10.14260/jemds/2020/106
Darpito, D., & Muttaqin, Z. (2025). Faktor Psikologi dan Sosial dalam Membentuk Minat Beli Produk Taste Twist di Jatinangor. Jurnal Indonesia: Manajemen Informatika dan Komunikasi, 6(2), 1083-1095. https://doi.org/10.63447/jimik.v6i2.1283
Elvira, E., Nurvinanda, R., & Sagita, A. (2023). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil. Citra Delima Scientific journal of Citra Internasional Institute, 6(2), 111-118. https://doi.org/10.33862/citradelima.v6i2.295
Food and Agriculture Organization. (2023). Dietary patterns and nutritional health. FAO Publications.
Handayani, L., & Iswandari, N. D. (2025). Hubungan Pola Makan dengan Kejadian Anemia Pada Remaja Putri Di Madrasah Aliyah Swasta Normal Islam Puteri Rakha Amuntai. Health Research Journal of Indonesia, 3(4), 241-248. https://wpcpublisher.com/jurnal/index.php/HRJI/article/view/649
Hartoyo, E., Andayani, P., Mashuri, A. B., Huldani, W. M., Muljanto, S., Rabbani, M. I., ... & Ulhaq, M. D. (2025, May). Pemeriksaan Kadar Hemoglobin Dan Edukasi Faktor Risiko Kejadian Anemia Pada Remaja Putri Mtsn 2 Banjarmasin. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lingkungan Lahan Basah (Vol. 10, No. 1). https://snllb.ulm.ac.id/prosiding/index.php/snllb-lit/article/view/1260
Hough, G., & Sosa, M. (2015). Food choice in low income populations–A review. Food quality and preference, 40, 334-342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2014.05.003
Ismawatie, E., Jimat, R. T., Dewi, Y. R., & Purwaningsih, O. (2023). GAMBARAN TIPE ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL BERDASARKAN NILAI INDEKS ERITROSIT DI RSIA RESTU IBU TAHUN 2022. Jurnal Farmasindo: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 7(1), 44-48.
Lathifah, N. N., Wulansari, A., & Rahmawati, H. (2024). Relationship between Diet Quality and Nutritional Status among Adolescents. Journal of Health and Nutrition Research, 3(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.56303/jhnresearch.v3i1.168
McNamara, K., & Wood, E. (2019). Food taboos, health beliefs, and gender: understanding household food choice and nutrition in rural Tajikistan. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 38(1), 17. https://jhpn.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41043-019-0170-8
Muchtar, F., Ruwiah, R., Lestari, H., Effendy, D. S., Bahar, H., Insana, N., ... & Wanti, S. (2025). PEMERIKSAAN HEMOGLOBIN DARAH REMAJA PUTRI SEBAGAI UPAYA DETEKSI DINI ANEMIA DI DESA WAWATU. Indonesian Journal of Community Dedication, 3(1), 101-109. https://jurnal.academiacenter.org/index.php/IJCD/article/view/654
Nsgs, K., Donanti, E., Purnamasari, E., Arifandi, F., & Kunci, K. (2025). Hubungan antara pola makan dengan prevalensi anemia pada remaja putri di Desa Medong Kabupaten Pandeglang Banten. Jurnal , 3(4). https://doi.org/10.33476/jmj.v3i4.4905
Prisylvia, M. D., Amisi, M. D., & Musa, E. C. (2022). Gambaran Pola Makan pada Remaja di Desa Sarani Matani Kecamatan Tombariri pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19. KESMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Sam Ratulangi, 11(2). 10.14260/jemds/2020/106
Rahayu, E., Wahyudin, D., & Sanjaya, W. (2023). Hubungan pola makan dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri di SMP IT Al-Izzah Sukabumi wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Limusnunggal. Jurnal , 9(2). https://jurnal.unsaka.ac.id/index.php/JIKKBH/article/view/119/85
Rahman, R. A., & Fajar, N. A. (2024). Analisis faktor risiko kejadian anemia pada remaja putri: Literatur review. Jurnal kesehatan komunitas (Journal of community health), 10(1), 133-140. 10.25311/keskom.Vol10.Iss1.1403
Roselyn, A. P., Khusuma, A., & Agata, A. (2019). Pemberian buah kurma (Phoenix dactylifera) ke penderita anemia pada remaja putri terhadap kadar hemoglobin di SMA Negeri 1 Natar Kecamatan Natar Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Jurnal Analis Medika Biosains (JAMBS), 5(1), 1-6. https://jambs.poltekkes-mataram.ac.id/index.php/home/article/view/96/75
Ruliyani, H., Amalia, L., & Sulastri, A. (2025). Hubungan Pola Makan dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Remaja Sekolah. Jurnal Gema Keperawatan, 18(1), 15-26. https://ejournal.poltekkes-denpasar.ac.id/index.php/JGK/article/view/4029
Sinaga, R. J. R., Lubis, S. N., & Darus, M. B. (2017). Kajian faktor-faktor sosial ekonomi masyarakat terhadap ketahanan pangan rumah tangga di Medan. Journal of Agriculture and Agribusiness Socioeconomics, 2(5), 15067.
Suhardjo, S. (2010). Frekuensi makan dan kesehatan. Jurnal Kesehatan dan Gizi, 9(2), 60–67.
Sulistyoningsih, S. (2022). Makanan pokok dan kesehatan masyarakat. Jurnal Pangan dan Gizi, 14(1), 45–55.
Suryadinata, P. Y. A., Suega, K., Wayan, I., & Dharmayuda, T. G. (2022). Faktor Risiko Yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Anemia Defisiensi Besi: A Systematic Review. Jurnal Medika Udayana, 11(2), 6-12. https://jurnal.harianregional.com/eum/full-68292
Susaningtyas, V., & Lisca, S. M. (2024). Hubungan kunjungan ANC, emesis gravidarum dan pola makan terhadap anemia pada ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Majasari Kabupaten Pandeglang Tahun 2022. Jurnal Ilmiah Bidan, 8(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.61720/jib.v8i1.384
Vilasari, D., Ode, A. N., Sahilla, R., Febriani, N., & Purba, S. H. (2024). Peran promosi kesehatan dalam meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap penyakit tidak menular (PTM): Studi literatur. Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains, 7(7), 2635-2648. https://doi.org/10.56338/jks.v7i7.5626
Wahyuningsih, E., Hartati, L., & Puspita, W. D. (2023). Analisis Faktor Resiko Kejadian Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil. Profesional Health Journal, 4(2), 303-313. https://doi.org/10.54832/phj.v4i2.388
Zahira, L. L. A. F., Madani, A. F., Kamilah, N. N., Amany, Z., Mario, A. N., Amaliya, A. R., ... & Putra, M. R. A. (2024). Navigating Non-Immune Hemolytic Anemia Membranopathy: Definitions to Clinical Strategies. Jurnal Biologi Tropis, 24(1b), 318-326. 10.29303/jbt.v24i1b.7957
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Asti Ananda, Rifana Cholidah, Emmy Amalia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the author as the owner of the paper. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles.
Authors are permitted to disseminate published articles by sharing the link/DOI of the article at the journal. Authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from the journal with an acknowledgment of initial publication to this journal.
