Growth of Maize (Zea mays L.) Under Cadmium Sulfate (CdSO4) Heavy Metal Stress
DOI:
10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11461Published:
2026-03-28Downloads
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal soil pollutant that can be toxic to plants. This study investigated the response of maize (Zea mays L.) grown in peat soil exposed to different levels of Cd stress. Four concentrations of CdSO₄ (0, 20, 40, and 60 ppm) were applied using a completely randomized design with three replications. Growth performance was evaluated through plant height, leaf production, and fresh biomass, while Cd accumulation in plant tissues was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed that the application of heavy metal cadmium sulfate (CdSO4) in the planting media up to 60 ppm did not affect the plant height, number of leaves and wet weight of maize. Maize showed tolerance to cadmium stress, as the application of CdSO₄ up to 60 ppm. Cadmium was detected in both roots and shoots, with greater accumulation occurring in the roots. This pattern suggests that maize restricted Cd movement to aerial tissues, which may contribute to its tolerance under Cd exposure. The findings indicate that maize can maintain normal vegetative growth under moderate Cd stress in peat soil. Further research is needed to assess long-term effects and cadmium accumulation in plant tissues.
Keywords:
Cadmium Growth Maize StressReferences
Atif, M., & Perveen, S. (2021). Comparison of alteration in growth, physiological and biochemical attributes of ten maize (Zea mays L.) varieties under arsenic stress: Susceptibility and tolerance. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 30(6), 4913-4923.https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/135694
Elik, U., & Gül, Z. (2025). Accumulation potential of lead and cadmium metals in maize (Zea mays L.) and effect physiological and morphological characteristics. Life, 15(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15020310.
Ghani, A. (2010). Toxic effects of heavy metals on plant growth and metal accumulation in maize (Zea mays L.). Iranian Journal of Toxicology, 3, 326–334.
Hanafiah, K. A. (2004). Rancangan percobaan: Teori dan aplikasi. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Hasan, M. J., Raza, M. A., Rehman, S. U., Ansar, M., Gitari, H., Khan, I., Wajid, M., Ghulam, A., Shah, A., Peng, Y., & Zhou, L. (2020). Effect of cadmium toxicity on growth, oxidative damage, antioxidant defense system and cadmium accumulation in two sorghum cultivars. Plants, 9(11), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111575
Irsyad, M., Sikanna, R., & Musafira. (2014). Translokasi merkuri (Hg) pada daun tanaman bayam duri (Amaranthus spinosus L.) dari tanah tercemar. Natural Science, 3(1), 8–17.
Latuharhary, R. A., & Saputro, T. B. (2018). Respon morfologi tanaman jagung (Zea mays) varietas Bisma dan Srikandi Kuning pada kondisi cekaman salinitas tinggi. Jurnal Sains dan Seni ITS, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.12962/j23373520.v6i2.25194.
Lestari, N., & Pratama, D. N. R. (2020). Potensi tanaman rami (Boehmeria nivea) untuk fitoremediasi tanah tercemar tembaga. Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, 7(2), 291–297. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2020.007.2.13.
Mubeen, S., Ni, W., He, C., & Yang, Z. (2023). Agricultural strategies to reduce cadmium accumulation in crops for food safety. Agriculture, 13(2), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13020471 : https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13020471
Najihah, N., & Rachmadiarti, F. (2023). Analisis kadar logam berat kadmium (Cd) pada tumbuhan air di Sungai Brantas Mojokerto. Jurnal Lentera Biologi, 12(2), 239–247.
Oliveira, V. H., Melo, L. C. A., Abreu, C. A., & Coscione, A. R. (2016). Influences of soil pH on cadmium toxicity to eight plant species. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Contamination, 11(1), 45–52. https://doi.org/10.5132/eec.2016.01.07.
Santana, I. K. Y. T., Julyantoro, P. G. S., & Wijayanti, N. P. P. (2018). Akumulasi logam berat seng (Zn) pada akar dan daun lamun Enhalus acoroides di perairan Pantai Sanur, Bali. Current Trends in Aquatic Science, 1(1), 47–56. https://doi.org/10.24843/CTAS.2018.v01.i01.p07.
Saleksi, R., Yanova, S.,& Irawan, B. (2025). The effectiveness of Sansevieria trifasciata laurentii in reducing lead and cadmium contamination in leachate-polluted soil. Jurnal Tanah dan Sumber Daya Lahan, 12(2):347-354.doi: 10.21776/ub.jtsl.2025.012.2.12
Suhaeni, R., & Wardi, Y. (2016). Analisis kadar logam berat kadmium (Cd) pada tanaman kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir). Jurnal Dinamika, 7(2), 1–8.
Susana, R., & Suswati, D. (2011). Ketersediaan Cd, gejala toksisitas dan pertumbuhan 3 spesies Brassicaceae pada media gambut yang dikontaminasi kadmium (Cd). Jurnal Teknik Perkebunan dan Psd, 1, 9–16. https://doi.org/10.26418/plt.v1i2.409
Zaeni, A., Ambardini, S., Sartinah, A., Ramadhani, A. N., Sartini., Amin, A., Patiung, G. W., & Susilowati, P. E. (2021). Studi bioakumulasi logam crom (Cr), seng (Zn) dan nikel (Ni) pada tanaman obat binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis). Akta Kimindo, 6(1), 12–27. https://doi.org/10.12962/j25493736.v6i1.7850
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Mukarlina Mukarlina
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the author as the owner of the paper. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles.
Authors are permitted to disseminate published articles by sharing the link/DOI of the article at the journal. Authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from the journal with an acknowledgment of initial publication to this journal.
