Analysis of Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Pakcoy Leaves Using A UV-Vis Spectrophotometer
DOI:
10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11775Published:
2026-06-04Downloads
Abstract
Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) is a green leafy vegetable known to contain various bioactive compounds, particularly phenolic compounds that act as natural antioxidants. However, quantitative data regarding the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of pakcoy leaf methanol extract remain limited and show inconsistent results depending on extraction methods and solvents used. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of pakcoy leaf methanol extract using a UV–Vis spectrophotometric approach. The sample used in this study was fresh pakcoy leaves collected from the Gunung Anyar area, Surabaya. Extraction was carried out using the maceration method with 70% methanol as solvent. Total phenolic content was analyzed using the Folin–Ciocalteu method with gallic acid as a standard at a wavelength of 764 nm, while antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH method. Data were analyzed quantitatively using linear regression for calibration curves and IC₅₀ determination. The results showed that the total phenolic content of pakcoy leaf methanol extract was 3.68 mg GAE/g extract. Antioxidant activity analysis resulted in an IC₅₀ value of 13.59 µg/mL, indicating a very strong antioxidant category. The linear regression analysis demonstrated a strong correlation between concentration and absorbance, confirming the reliability of the method used. In conclusion, the methanol extract of pakcoy leaves contains phenolic compounds that significantly contribute to its antioxidant activity. This study provides more specific quantitative evidence supporting the potential of pakcoy leaves as a natural antioxidant source and highlights the importance of solvent selection in optimizing bioactive compound extraction.
Keywords:
Antioxidant Activity DPPH Pakcoy Total phenolic contentReferences
Aiyuba, D.S., Rakhmatullah, A.N. & Restapaty, R. (2023). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanol Daun Ramania (Bouea macrophylla Griffith.) Menggunakan Metode DPPH. Jurnal Surya Medika, 9(1), pp. 81–87. https://doi.org/10.33084/jsm.v9i1.5150
Alimuddin, H. A., Rudiyansyah, & Masriani. (2023). Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid, Fenolik dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Buah Tabernaemontana Macrocarpa Jack Asal Kalimantan Barat. Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 6(3), 132–141.https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.26418 /indonesian.v 6i3.63749
Amalina, N., Muslima, M., Hidayat, D., Febriansyah, M. & Pazira, Z. (2024). Pengujian Aktivitas Antioksidan Pada Teh Celup Dengan Metode DPPH. Journal of Food Security and Agroindustry, 2(3), pp. 80–87. https://doi.org/10.58184/jfsa.v2i3.478
Ardiani, T., Abdullah, S. H., & Priyati, A. (2023). Analisis Variasi Jarak Lubang Drainase dari Dasar Bak dan Konsentrasi Nutrisi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman (Brassica chinensis L.) pada Sistem AJB. Journal of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, 1(1), 1–12. https://journal.unram.ac.id/index.php/agent/article/view/3632
Azzara, F., Sari, I. S., & Ashari, D. N. (2022). Penetapan Nilai rendemen dan Kandungan Zat Aktif Ekstrak Biji Alpukat (Persea americana) Berdasarkan Perbedaan Pelarut Ekstraksi. Jurnal Farmasi Higea, 14(2), 159–168. https://doi.org/10.52689/higea.v14i2.484
Baliyan, S., Mukherjee, R., Priyadarshini, A., Vibhuti, A., Gupta, A., Pandey, R.P. & Chang, C.-M. (2022). Determination of Antioxidants by DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis Of Ficus Religiosa. Molecules, 27(4), p. 1326. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27041326
Dwikartika, I., (2021). Skrining Fitokimia Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pakcoy (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis) Dan Uji Antioksidan Menggunakan Metode DPPH. Sekolah Tinggi Kesehatan Al-Fatah Bengkulu, pp.1–5. https://share.google/DQ1KUqLG8iNdru2HD
Feninlambir, M. L., Rawar, E. A., & Yuhara, N. A. (2023). Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Kadar Total Fenolik dalam Minyak Atsiri Biji Pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt.). Spektofotometri Uv-Vis. Makassar Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia, 12(2),111–116. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.51887/j pfi.v12i2.1807
Handayani, S., Kurniawati, I. & Rasyid, F.A. (2020). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Karet Kebo (Ficus elastica) Dengan Metode Peredaman Radikal Bebas DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil). Jurnal Farmasi Galenika, 6(1), pp.455–888. https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2020.v6.i1.15022
Hanifa, J., Wiyono, A. E., & Purnomo, B. H. (2025). Optimasi Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) pada Pigmen Klorofil Maserat Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.). Jurnal Rekayasa Dan Manajemen, 13(3), 460 478. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24843/J RMA.2025.v13.i03.p14
Hilma, Putri, N. atikah Della, & Lely, N. (2021). Penentuan Kandungan Total Fenl dan Total Falvonoid Ekstrak Daun Kelengkeng (Dimncarpus longan Lour). Jurnal Ilmiah Farmako Bahari, 12(1), 80–87. https://doi.org/10.52434/jfb.v12i1.1037
Hippy, N. A., Musa, N., & Purnomo, H. S. (2023). Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) terhadap Persentase Naungan Growth. Jurnal Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian, 12(1), 44–52.
Islamiyah, R., Mugitasari, D.E., Nafiah, L.N. & Jayanto, I. (2024). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Matoa Menggunakan Radikal Bebas DPPH (diphenylpicrylhydrazyl). Pharmacon, 13(2), pp. 611–618.
Kim, S., Ochar, K., Hwang, A., Lee, Y., & Kang, H. J. (2024). Variability of Glucosinolates in PakCoy (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis) Germplasm. 1–13.
Kulikova, N.E., Chernobrovina, A.G., Roeva, N.N. & Popova, O.Y. (2023). Evaporation as A Method for Obtaining Plant Concentrates. Food Processing: Techniques and Technology, 53(2), pp. 335–346.
Lee, J.E., Jayakody, J.T.M., Kim, J.-I., Jeong, J.W., Choi, K.M., Kim, T.S., Seo, C., Azimi, I., Hyun, J.M. & Ryu, B.M. (2024). The Influence of Solvent Choice on The Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Asteraceae: A Comparative Review. Foods, 13(19).
Maryam, S., Suhaenah, A., & Irmawan. (2023). Analisis Kandungan Senyawa Fenolik dan Tanin pada Isolat Fungi Endofit (IFEBK20) Bunga Karsen (Muntingia calabura L) dengan Metode Spektrofotometri Uv-Vis. Makassar Pharmaceutical Science Journal, 1(2), 35–42. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33096/mps.v1i2.33
Muthia, R., Saputri, R. & Verawati, S.A., (2019). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Mundar (Garcinia forbesii King.) menggunakan metode DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil). Jurnal Pharmascience, 6(1), pp.74–82.
Ompusunggu, H. E. S., & Daeli, P. M. (2024). Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Sayur Pakcoy (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis) Berbagai Jenis Tanam Menggunakan Metode DPPH. Jurnal Ners, 8(1), 728–733.
Priyanti, D., & Febriyanti, R. (2024). Penentuan Kadar Fenol Total Ekstrak Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia Pendands) dengan Metode Ekstraksi yang Berbeda. (Doctoral dissertation, Politeknik Harapan Bersama Tegal).
Saerang, M. F., Jaya Edy, H., & Siampa, J. P. (2023). Formulasi Sediaan Krim Dengan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Gedi Hijau (Abelmoschus Manihot L.) Terhadap Propionibacterium Acnes. Pharmacon, 12(3), 350-357.
Santi, I., Z., A. & N., A. (2021). Aktivitas Antioksidan Dari Tumbuhan Pepaya (Carica papaya L.). As-Syifaa Jurnal Farmasi, 13(2), pp. 102–107.
Senduk, T.W., Montolalu, L.A.D.Y. & Dotulong, V. (2020). The Rendement Of Boiled Water Extract of Mature Leaves of Mangrove Sonneratia Alba. Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan Tropis, 11(1), pp. 9–15.
Surya, A. & Febrianti, D. (2023). Antioxidant Activity Test of Methanol Extract of Lime Peel (Citrus aurantifolia) With DPPH method (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Abdurrab, 1(1). https://jurnal.univrab.ac.id/index.php/jika/article/view/3551
Suteja, I. I., Wijanarka, W., Kusdiyantini, E., Sains, F., Diponegoro, U., Soedarto, J. P., & Tembalang-semarang, S. H. (2022). Uji dan Identifikasi Aktivitas Antioksidan Isolat BAL CIN-2 Hasil Isolasi Cincalok. Jurnal Penelitian Sanintek, 27(1), 49–60.
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Della Putri Yuansari Fatmadi, Eva Agustina
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the author as the owner of the paper. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles.
Authors are permitted to disseminate published articles by sharing the link/DOI of the article at the journal. Authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from the journal with an acknowledgment of initial publication to this journal.
