In Vitro Antagonism Test of Curvularia sp. Against Aspergillus sp. Using the Dual Culture Method
DOI:
10.29303/jbt.v26i4.12054Published:
2026-10-06Downloads
Abstract
Fungal contamination in food products is one of the major problems that can reduce food quality and safety. One of the most common contaminant fungi is Aspergillus sp., which is known to produce harmful mycotoxins that may endanger human health. Biological control using antagonistic fungi has become a safer and more environmentally friendly alternative compared to synthetic fungicides. This study aimed to determine the antagonistic ability of Curvularia sp. against Aspergillus sp. in vitro using the dual culture method. The research was conducted on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media by observing the interaction between both fungal isolates during the incubation period. The observed parameters included radial colony growth, interaction zone formation, and inhibition ability against the target fungus. The results showed that Curvularia sp. was able to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus sp., indicated by the formation of an interaction zone and suppression of colony growth at the meeting area of both isolates. The antagonistic activity was presumed to occur through competition for space and nutrients, as well as the possible production of antifungal secondary metabolites. In conclusion, Curvularia sp. has potential as a biological antagonistic agent against food contaminant fungi. Further studies are recommended to identify the antifungal compounds involved and evaluate their effectiveness under broader environmental conditions.
Keywords:
Antagonistic activity Aspergillus sp. Curvularia sp. Dual culture in vitroReferences
Andriani, V., Ajiningrum, P. S., & Hanifah, R. P. (2025). Antagonistic activity of Pseudomonas fluorescens against Curvularia sp. causing leaf spot disease in maize. STIGMA: Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Unipa, 18(1), 21–28. https://jurnal.unipasby.ac.id/stigma/article/view/10320
Bunbamrung, N., Intaraudom, C., Dramae, A., Boonyuen, N., Chanthaket, R., Rachtawee, P., & Pittayakhajonwut, P. (2018). Antagonistic metabolites produced by the fungus Curvularia sp. BCC52426 against Aspergillus sp. BCC51998. Phytochemistry Letters, 26, 33–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytol.2018.05.009
Burhanuddin, I. R., Arisanti, D., & Basarang, M. (2019). Identifikasi Aspergillus sp. pada roti mantao yang diperjualbelikan di Kota Makassar. Jurnal Medika, 4(2), 14–17. https://doi.org/10.53861/jmed.v4i2.168
Cezar, P., Tatiane, C., Silva, C., Nunes, S., Vicentini, C., Pereira, R., & Júnior, L. (2024). Strategies for managing fungicide resistance in the Brazilian tropical agroecosystem: Safeguarding food safety, health, and the environmental quality. Tropical Plant Pathology, 49(1), 36–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-023-00632-2
Douglas, A. P., Smibert, O. C., Bajel, A., Halliday, C. L., Lavee, O., Mcmullan, B., Yong, M. K., Hal, S. J. Van, & Chen, S. C. (2021). Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of invasive aspergillosis. Internal Medicine Journal, 51, 143–176. https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.15591
Fauriah, R., Djaya, E., Djaenuddin, N., Muis, A., & Nonci, N. (2023). Potential of endophytic fungi as a pathogenic biocontrol agent and growth promoters in corn seedlings. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 33, Article 83. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00728-6
Fenta, L., & Mekonnen, H. (2024). Microbial biofungicides as a substitute for chemical fungicides in the control of phytopathogens: Current perspectives and research directions. Scientifica, 2024, 5322696. https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5322696
Guo, Z., Amenyogbe, M. K., Chen, S., & Rashad, Y. M. (2025). Morphological and phylogenetic analyses reveal two novel species of Curvularia (Pleosporales, Pleosporaceae) from southern China. MycoKeys, 120, 139–156. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.120.156570
Khulillah, I. N., Sastrahidayat, I. R., & Sektiono, A. W. (2020). Isolasi dan uji antagonis jamur filoplen terhadap antraknosa (Colletotrichum sp.) pada tanaman anthurium bunga (Anthurium andraeanum). Jurnal HPT (Hama Penyakit Tumbuhan), 8(1), 16–21. https://jurnalhpt.ub.ac.id/index.php/jhpt/article/view/288
Lahlali, R., Ezrari, S., Radouane, N., Kenfaoui, J., Esmaeel, Q., El Hamss, H., Belabess, Z., & Ait Barka, E. (2022). Biological control of plant pathogens: A global perspective. Microorganisms, 10(3), 596. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10030596
Lu, W. C. X., & Qi, J. B. X. (2020). Curvularia spicifera and Curvularia muehlenbeckiae causing leaf blight on Cunninghamia lanceolata. Plant Pathology, 1139–1147. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.13198
Mahata, P. K., Dass, R. S., & Pan, A. (2022). Substantive morphological descriptions, phylogenetic analysis and single nucleotide polymorphisms of Aspergillus species from Foeniculum vulgare. Frontiers in Microbiology, 13, 832320. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.832320
Marin-Felix, Y., Hernández-Restrepo, M., & Crous, P. W. (2020). Multi-locus phylogeny of the genus Curvularia and description of ten new species. Mycological Progress, 19(6), 559–588. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-020-01576-6
Mehta, T., & Meena, M. (2022). Bioactive compounds of Curvularia species as a source of various biological activities and biotechnological applications. Frontiers in Microbiology, 13, 1069095. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1069095
Musarofah, N., Kusumastuti, H. N., Putri, C. A. R. A., Firdaus, A. D. S., & Kasiamdari, R. S. (2026). Uji antagonisme jamur kandidat agen biokontrol terhadap Fusarium oxysporum pada bawang merah secara in vitro. Jurnal Agrotek Tropika, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.23960/jat.v14i1.11348
Nazri, N. M., Zaini, N. M., Aris, A., Hasan, Z. A. E., Abd Murad, N. B., Yusof, M. T., & Zainudin, N. M. (2020). Isolation and identification of microfungi from soils in Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Studies in Fungi, 5(1), 6–16. https://doi.org/10.5943/sif/5/1/2
Okechukwu, V. O., Adelusi, O. A., Kappo, A. P., Njobeh, P. B., & Mamo, M. A. (2024). Aflatoxins: Occurrence, biosynthesis, mechanism of action and effects, conventional/emerging detection techniques. Food Chemistry, 436, 137775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137775
Putri, A. M., Sari, N., & Heiriyani, T. (2024). The inhibition of Aspergillus flavus by endophytic fungi isolated from calabash tree (Crescentia cujute L.) in vitro. Agritech: Jurnal Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, 26(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.30595/agritech.v26i1.18985
Rangel, L. I., Hamilton, O., De Jonge, R., & Bolton, M. D. (2021). Fungal social influencers: Secondary metabolites as a platform for shaping the plant-associated community. The Plant Journal, 632–645. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.15490
Rodrigo, S., García-Latorre, C., & Santamaria, O. (2021). Metabolites produced by fungi against fungal phytopathogens: Review, implementation and perspectives. Plants, 11(1), 81. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11010081
Safari Motlagh, M. R., Jahangiri, B., Kulus, D., Tymoszuk, A., & Kaviani, B. (2022). Endophytic fungi as potential biocontrol agents against Rhizoctonia solani JG Kühn, the causal agent of rice sheath blight disease. Biology, 11(9), 1282. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11091282
Sakdiyah, H. (2020). Uji antagonis Trichoderma harzianum terhadap fungi penyebab penyakit bercak daun kelapa sawit secara in vitro [Doctoral dissertation, UIN Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau].
Tjampakasari, C. R., Agustini, R., Baihaki, I., Noor, S., & Bustami, A. (2024). Kultur slide sebagai metode mikroskopik tidak langsung untuk identifikasi jamur kapang. Jurnal Sehat Indonesia (JUSINDO), 6(1), 201–210. https://www.academia.edu/download/118817723/287.pdf
Yazid, S. N. E., Tajudin, N. I., Razman, N. A. A., Selamat, J., Ismail, S. I., Sanny, M., & Samsudin, N. I. P. (2023). Mycotoxigenic fungal growth inhibition and multi-mycotoxin reduction of potential biological control agents indigenous to grain maize. Mycotoxin Research, 39(3), 177–192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12550-023-00484-4
Yusnawan, E., Inayati, A., & Baliadi, Y. (2019). Isolation of antagonistic fungi from rhizospheres and its biocontrol activity against different isolates of soil borne fungal pathogens infected legumes. Biodiversitas, 20(7), 2048–2054. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200735
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Dea Cantika, Nahda Fazira Putri, Pera Santika, Dewanti suci Rahmawati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the author as the owner of the paper. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles.
Authors are permitted to disseminate published articles by sharing the link/DOI of the article at the journal. Authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from the journal with an acknowledgment of initial publication to this journal.
