The Relationship Between Depression and Suicidal Behavior in Adolescents at SMAN 2 Mataram
DOI:
10.29303/jbt.v26i3.12299Published:
2026-08-14Downloads
Abstract
Adolescence is a vulnerable period for mental health problems, particularly depression, which has been associated with suicidal behavior. Suicide remains a major public health concern among young people, with 1,350 cases reported in Indonesia in 2023.This analytical observational study used a cross-sectional design implicate 306 students selected through stratified random sampling based on grade level (10th, 11th, and 12th grade) with proportional allocation from each stratum. Data were collected using the Indonesian version of the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R). The BDI-II includes a total of 21 questions that can yield scores between 0 and 63, which are divided into categories of minimal, mild, moderate, and severe depression. In contrast, the SBQ-R features 4 questions that evaluate the risk of suicidal behavior. Both instruments demonstrated good validity and internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.90 for BDI-II and 0.896 for SBQ-R. Data were examined through the application of Spearman's correlation analysis. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between depression and suicidal actions (r = 0.420; p < 0.001), suggesting a moderate connection between these two factors. Among the adolescents at SMAN 2 Mataram, depression was found to be positively linked with suicidal behavior, displaying a moderate correlation; nonetheless, causation cannot be determined because of the cross-sectional study design.
Keywords:
Adolescents Depression Suicidal BehaviorReferences
Anjani, D. A. V. N., Chauna, S., Almuwaffaq, H. W., Apryani, R., & Amalia, E. (2023). Perkembangan Terkini Perilaku Bunuh Diri pada Orang dengan Depresi. Jurnal Kedokteran Unram, 12(2), 180–189. https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v12i2.996
Antari, N., Syuhada, I., Handayani, W., & Dahlia, Y. (2024). Hubungan Tipe Pola Asuh Orang Tua, Single Parent, Jenis Kelamin dan Kecenderungan Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) dengan Kejadian Depresi Pada Siswa di SMA Negeri 2 Mataram. MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal, 4(6), 2171–2182. https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v4i6.14370
Axelta A, & Abidin F. (2022). Depresi Pada Remaja: Perbedaan Berdasarkan Faktor Biomedis dan Psikososial. Junal Kesehatan Masyarakat Khatulistiwa, 9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.29406/jkmk .v9il.3207
Beck, A., Steer, R., Ball, R., & Ranieri, W. (1996). Comparison of Beck depression inventories -IA and -II in psychiatric outpatients. Journal of Personality Assessment, 67(3), 588–597. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa6703_13
Djungu, E., Koamesah, S., & Folamauk, C. (2021). Hubungan Tingkat Depresi Terhadap Memori Jangka Pendek Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Nusa Cendana. Cendana Medical Journal, 21(1), 112–120. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35508/cmj.v9i1.4943
Febrianti, D., & Husniawati, N. (2021). Hubungan Tingkat Depresi dan Faktor Resiko Ide Bunuh Diri pada Remaja SMPN. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, 13(1), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.37012/jik.v13i1.422
Ginting, H., Naring, G., Van Der Veld, W., Srisayekti, W., & Becker, E. (2013). Validating the Beck Depression Inventory-II in Indonesia’s general population and coronary heart disease patients. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1697-2600(13)70028-0
Gusmunardi, Sarfika, R., & Sasmita, H. (2023). Faktor Resiko Dan Faktor Protektif Resiko Bunuh Diri Pada Remaja. Jurnal Ilmiah Permas: Jurnal Ilmiah STIKES Kendal, 13(4), 1455–1466. http://journal.stikeskendal.ac.id/index.php/PSKM
Ibda, F. (2023). Dukungan Sosial: Sebagai Bantuan Menghadapi Stres dalam Kalangan Remaja Yatim di Panti Asuhan. Journal of Education Sciences and Teacher Traning, 12(02), 153–172. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22373/ji.v12i2.21652
Jacobson, C., Batejan, K., Kleinman, M., & Gould, M. (2013). Reasons for attempting suicide among a community sample of adolescents. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 43(6), 646–662. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12047
Karisma, N., & Fridari, I. (2021). Gambaran Pengembangan Ide Bunuh Diri Menuju Upaya Bunuh Diri. Journal of Psychology and Humanities, (1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24014/pib.v2i1.9904
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2023). Depresi pada Anak Muda di Indonesia. Badan Kebijakan Pembangunan Kesehatan. http://www.badankebijakan.kemkes.go.id/repositori/id/eprint/5532
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2024). Cegah Bunuh Diri, Kemenkes Ajak Remaja Bicara Soal Kesehatan Mental. https://Kemkes.Go.Id/Id/Rilis-Kesehatan/Cegah-Bunuh-Diri-Kemenkes-Ajak-Remaja-Bicara-Soal-Kesehatan-Mental. https://kemkes.go.id/id/cegah-bunuh-diri-kemenkes-ajak-remaja-bicara-soal-kesehatan-mental
Mandasari, L., & Tobing, D. (2020). Tingkat Depresi Dengan Ide Bunuh Diri Pada Remaja. Indonesian Jurnal of Health Development, 2(1). https://ijhd.upnvj.ac.id/index.php/ijhd/article/view/33
Novitayani, S., & Nurhidayah, I. (2023). Analisis Risiko Bunuh Diri pada Mahasiswa Kesehatan di Kota Banda Aceh. Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas, 8, 61–68. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14710/jekk.v8i1.15780
Pajarsari, S., & Wilani, N. (2020). Dukungan Sosial terhadap Kemunculan Ide Bunuh Diri pada Remaja. Journal of Psychology and Humanities, 34. https://j-innovative.org/index.php/Innovative
Pradipta, I., & Valentina, T. (2024). Faktor Internal Psikologis Terhadap Ide Bunuh Diri Remaja Di Indonesia. Journal Of Social Science Research, 4(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v4i2.9966
Putri, F., Nazihah, Z., Ariningrum, D., & Herbawani, C. (2022). Depresi Remaja di Indonesia: Penyebab dan Dampaknya. Jurnal Kesehatan Poltekkes Kemenkes RI Pangkalpinang, 10(2), 99–108. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32922/jkp.v10i2.502
Ramadhan, R., Pudjijuniarto, Yuliastrid, D., & Irawan, R. (2025). Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Stres, Depresi, dan Kecemasan pada Siswa SMA Al-Islam Krian. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 11(2), 155–162. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47662/pedagogi.v11i1.1043
Riskesdas. (2018). Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tentang Gangguan Mental Emosional. www.litbang.depkes.go.id.
Riziana K, Fatmawati, & Darmawan A. (2023). Hubungan Tingkat Gejala Depresi Dengan Ide Bunuh Diri Pada Remaja Sekolah Menangah Atas. JOMS, 5. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22437/joms.v3i1.27181
Sugiyono. (2013). METODE PENELITIAN KUANTITATIF, KUALITATIF DAN R &. D (19th ed.). ALFABETA Bandung.
World Health Organization. (2023, March). Depressive disorder. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression
World Health Organization. (2025a). Mental health of adolescents. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-mental-health
World Health Organization. (2025b, March). Suicide. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/suicide/https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/suicide/
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Tadbir Kusuma Putra, I Putu Diatmika, Lale Justin Amelinda Elizar, Pujiarohman Pujiarohman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the author as the owner of the paper. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles.
Authors are permitted to disseminate published articles by sharing the link/DOI of the article at the journal. Authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from the journal with an acknowledgment of initial publication to this journal.
