The Effect of Passion Fruit Leaf Extract (Passiflora edulis Sims) on Anthracnose Disease Development in Red Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
DOI:
10.29303/jbt.v26i4.12517Published:
2026-10-20Downloads
Abstract
Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum sp. is one of the major constraints in red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivation. This study aimed to determine the effect of purple passion fruit leaf extract (Passiflora edulis Sims) on the development of anthracnose disease in red chili plants and to identify the most effective concentration for suppressing disease development. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of seven concentrations of purple passion fruit leaf extract (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, and 3%), with four replications for each treatment. The observed parameters included incubation period, plant height, number of leaves, disease incidence, and disease severity. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test at the 5% significance level. The results showed that purple passion fruit leaf extract significantly affected the development of anthracnose disease. The 3% concentration was the most effective treatment, resulting in the longest incubation period of 7.30 days after inoculation, the lowest disease incidence of 1.98%, and the lowest disease severity of 8.53%. It can be concluded that purple passion fruit leaf extract has the potential to be used as a botanical fungicide to suppress the development of anthracnose disease in red chili plants.
Keywords:
Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. Passion Fruit Leaf Red ChiliReferences
Abbas, A. M., Novak, S. J., Fictor, M., Mostafa, Y. S., Alamri, S. A., Alrumman, S. A., and Khalaphallah, R. 2022. Initial in vitro assessment of the antifungal activity of aqueous extracts from three invasive plant species. Agriculture. 12(8): 1152. DOI: 10.3390/agriculture12081152.
Andriyani, F. dan S. Purwantisari. 2019. Uji Potensi Ekstrak Daun Suren Dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Jamur Colletotrichum capsici Secara In Vitro. Jurnal Akademika Biologi. 8(1): 35-39.
Aziziy, M. H., Tobing, O. L., dan Mulyaningsih, Y. 2020. Studi Serangan Antraknosa Pada Pertumbuhan Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.) Setelah Aplikasi Larutan Daun Mimba dan Mol Bonggol Pisang. Jurnal Agronida. 6(1): 22-32. DOI: 10.30997/jag.v6i1.2668.
Al Aboody, M. S., and Mickymaray, S. 2020. Anti-Fungal Efficacy and Mechanisms of Flavonoids. Antibiotics. 9(2): 45-50. Amurang Barat, Minahasa Selatan. Jurnal AGROBISNIS. 3(1): 17-22.
Aznan, M. E., Rahman, Z. A., Tarmidzi, S. N. A., Idris, W. M. R., Lihan, T., Khamis, S., and Rahman, M. R. A. 2023. Preliminary Soil Characteristics And Growth Performance Of Selected Shrub Plants For Bio-Engineering Technique. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 67(1): 12-15).
Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). 2022. Produksi Tanaman Cabai. https://www.bps.go.id. Diakses pada 23 September 2025.
Budi, I. S., Mariana, M., & Fauziah, A. 2023. Resistance Of Cayenne Pepper Varieties (Capsicum frutescens) To Anthracnose Disease (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) Isolates From Swampy Areas. Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian. 20(3): 232-246.
Christopher, F., Ndakidemi, P., Nyalala, S., dan Mbega, E. 2023. Antifungal Activity Of Leonotis Nepetifolia Extracts Against Colletotrichum Species Causing Bean Anthracnose And Their Phytochemical Analysis Using LC-MS. Journal of Natural Pesticide Research, 6(2): 100-105.
Corozo-Quiñónez, L., López-Cedeño, J., Lascano-Borja, G., Monteros-Altamirano, Á., Arteaga-Alcívar, F., Jaimez, R. E., dan Gacía-Dávila, M. A. 2023. Seed Viability, Germination, And Seedling Growth Of Capsicum Cultivated Species. Chilean journal of agricultural & animal sciences. 39(3): 401-412.
De Almeida, V. L., Silva, C. G., dan Campana, P. R. V. 2021. Flavonoids Of Passiflora: Isolation, Structure Elucidation, And Biotechnological Application. Studies in Natural Products Chemistry. 71(3): 263-310.
Fahlevi, G. A., Yulianty, Y., Farisi, S., dan Irawan, B. 2023. Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kupu-Kupu Dalam Mengendalikan Jamur Colletotrichum acutatum Pada Cabai Merah. Jurnal Pertanian Agros. 25(2): 1443-1452.
Hersila, N., Chatri, M., Vauzia., dan Irdawati. 2023. Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder (Tanin) Pada Tanaman Sebagai Antifungi. Jurnal Embrio. 15(1): 16-22.
Jamwal, K., Bhattacharya, S., dan Puri, S. 2018. Plant Growth Regulator Mediated Consequences Of Secondary Metabolites In Medicinal Plants. Journal of applied research on medicinal and aromatic plants. 9(2): 26-38.
Jauhari, C., dan Majid, A. 2019. Kajian Jenis Fungisida Dan Interval Aplikasi Terhadap Perkembangan Penyakit Antraknosa Pada Kedelai. Jurnal Bioindustri (Journal Of Bioindustry). 2(1): 307-318.
Joshi, R., Yenjerappa, S. T., Aswathanarayana, D. S., Chavan, S. S., Kisan, B., dan Lakshmikant, M. 2023. Isolation And Characterization Of Colletotrichum Spp. From Infected Chilli Plant. Biological Forum-An International Journal. 15(11): 469–472.
Kaur, S., Samota, M. K., Choudhary, M., Choudhary, M., Pandey, A. K., Sharma, A., dan Thakur, J. 2022. How do plants defend themselves against pathogens-Biochemical mechanisms and genetic interventions. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants. 28(2): 485-504.
Kurepa, J., Shull, T. E., and Smalle, J. A. 2023. Friends In Arms: Flavonoids And The Auxin/Cytokinin Balance In Terrestrialization. Plants. 12(3): 517-518.
Li, L., Zhu, X. M., Zhang, Y. R., Cai, Y. Y., Wang, J. Y., Liu, M. Y., dan Lin, F. C. 2022. Research On The Molecular Interaction Mechanism Between Plants And Pathogenic Fungi. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 23(9): 46-58.
Nasrul, P. I., dan Chatri, M. 2024. Peranan metabolit sekunder sebagai antifungi. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai. 8(1), 158-160.
Prihatiningsih, N., Djatmiko, H. A., dan Erminawati, E. 2020. Komponen Epidemi Penyakit Antraknosa Pada Tanaman Cabai Di Kecamatan Baturaden Kabupaten Banyumas. Jurnal Agro. 7(2): 203-212.
Rifki, M., Sabaruddin, S., dan Kesumawati, E. 2024. Identifikasi Karakter Morfologi Tanaman Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) F6 Hasil Persilangan
Perintis dan Kencana di Dataran Menengah. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian. 9(1): 157-158.
Septiningrum, C. H., Ariastuti, R., dan Ahwan, A. 2024. Uji Skrining Fitokimia Ekstrak Etanol 96% Daun Markisa Ungu (Passiflora edulis Sims). Jurnal Farmasi SYIFA. 2(2): 37-41.
Sihotang, T., Siregar, L. A. M., dan Rahmawati, N. 2024. Growth And Biochemical Responses Of Red Chili (Capsicum annuum L) Under Drought Conditions With 6-Benzylaminopurine Application. International Journal of Basic and Applied Science. 13(2), 61-73.
Simanjuntak, H. A., Purba, H., Anjani, W. Y., Rahmiati, R., dan Situmorang, T. S. 2022. Uji Aktivitas Antijamur Ekstrak Etanol Herba Patikan Kebo (Euphorbia hirta L.) Terhadap Candida albicans. Journal of Natural Sciences. 3(3): 137-144.
Sondakh, Y. A., Tulungen, F. R., Lengkong, J., dan Pantouw, W. F. 2021. Intensitas Serangan Penyakit Antraknosa pada Pertanaman Cabai di Kecamatan Suparto, H., Gazali, A., Sofyan, A., Hikmah, R. N., dan Kulu, I. P. 2023. Uji Efektivitas Pestisida Nabati Daun Mengkudu terhadap Pengendalian Penyakit Antraknosa pada Tanaman Cabai. Jurnal Penelitian UPR. 3(1): 24-30.
Svoboda, T., Thon, M. R., dan Strauss, J. 2021. The Role of Plant Hormones In The interaction of Colletotrichum species with their host plants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 22(22): 2-15.
Syaifudin, E. A., Akhsan, N. M., dan Aryubi, A. 2023. Efektivitas Ekstrak Gulma dalam Menghambat Penyakit Antraknosa (Colletotrichum sp.) Tanaman Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) Secara In Vitro. Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika Lembab. 5(2): 136-142.
Tang, Z., Yu, J., Xie, J., Lyu, J., Feng, Z., Dawuda, M. M., dan Hu, L. 2019. Physiological And Growth Response Of Pepper (Capsicum annum L.) Seedlings To Supplementary Red/Blue Light Revealed Through Transcriptomic Analysis. Agronomy. 9(3): 139.
Torry, G., Abidin, K., dan Merdi, F. 2025. Skrining Fitokimia Dan Uji Kuantitatif Ekstrak Etanol 96% Daun Markisa Besar (Passiflora quadrangularis L.) Menggunakan Metode Spektrofotometri Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-VIS). Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Farmasi. 2(1): 10-13.
Traas, J. 2018. Organogenesis At The Shoot Apical Meristem. Plants. 8(1): 6-7.
Trisnawati, C. M., Hafsah, S., dan Syamsuddin, S. 2022. Perlakuan Benih dengan Ekstrak Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) untuk Menekan Kejadian Penyakit Rebah Kecambah pada Dua Varietas Benih Cabai Terinfeksi (Collectotrichum gloeosporioides). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian. 7(4): 101-105.
Xiong, Y., dan Jiao, Y. 2019. The Diverse Roles Of Auxin In Regulating Leaf Development. Plants. 8(7): 243-244. Yulia, E., Muhadam, H. S., Widiantini, F., dan Kurniawan, W. 2019. Perlakuan Benih dengan Ekstrak Anredera cordifolia untuk Menekan Kejadian Penyakit Hawar Bibit pada Benih Cabai Terinfeksi Colletotrichum acutatum. Jurnal Agrikultura. 30(2): 75-82.
Zaghdoud, C., Ollio, I., Solano, C. J., Ochoa, J., Suardiaz, J., Fernández, J. A., and Martínez Ballesta, M. D. C. 2023. Red LED light improves pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seed radicle emergence and growth through the modulation of aquaporins, hormone homeostasis, and metabolite remobilization. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 24(5): 47-79.
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Stevi Emanuela Putri Marpaung, Sri Wahyuningsih, Endang Nurcahyani
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the author as the owner of the paper. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles.
Authors are permitted to disseminate published articles by sharing the link/DOI of the article at the journal. Authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from the journal with an acknowledgment of initial publication to this journal.
