Formulation and Evaluation of a Traditional Scrub Cream Based on Cocoa Powder (Theobroma cacao L.) and Klanceng Honey
DOI:
10.29303/jbt.v26i3.12858Published:
2026-07-25Downloads
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to create and assess the physical quality of a body scrub cream made with stingless bee honey (kelulut honey) and cocoa powder (Theobroma cacao L.) as a natural skincare product. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, this study created four formulations based on varying amounts of stingless bee honey (2.5% and 5%) and cocoa powder (5% and 10%). Organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesiveness, viscosity, hedonic, irritation, and stability tests were conducted using the freeze-thaw method for three cycles at 4°C and 40°C. The findings demonstrated that every formulation had pH values within the proper range for skin and satisfied the physical quality standards for body scrub cream preparations. The preliminary irritation test on 10 panelists showed no signs of erythema, itching, burning sensation, or edema during the observation period, while the hedonic test demonstrated good panelist acceptance. Formula F4 exhibited the best characteristics based on the evaluated physical quality parameters and obtained the highest panelist acceptance score.
Keywords:
Cocoa powder Cosmetic formulation Klanceng honey Physical evaluation Scrub creamReferences
Allen, L. V. (2021). Ansel's Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems (12th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.
Ambarita, A. A. (2025). Formulasi Sediaan Lulur Krim Dari Ampas Kopi (Coffea Arabica L.) Dan Madu (Doctoral dissertation, Poltekkes Kemenkes Medan).
Ambarwati, N. S. S. (2024). Kosmetika Sains. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Ambarwati, N. S. S., & Widjajanti, S. I. (2015). Kosmetika Tradisional. UNJ Press.
Ansel, H. C. (2022). Ansel's Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems (revised ed.). Wolters Kluwer.
Anwar, F., & Prasad, R. (2021). Antioxidant Activity And Skin Benefits Of Cocoa (Theobroma Cacao L.) Extracts. Journal Of Medicinal Plants Research, 15(3), 45–52.
Aulton, M. E., & Taylor, K. (Eds.). (2018). Aulton's pharmaceutics: the design and manufacture of medicines. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Biluca, F. C., Braghini, F., Gonzaga, L. V., Costa, A. C. O., & Fett, R. (2020). Physicochemical profiles, minerals and bioactive compounds of stingless bee honey (Meliponinae). Food Research International, 131, 108932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.108932
Biluca, F. C., Braghini, F., Gonzaga, L. V., Costa, A. C. O., & Fett, R. (2020). Physicochemical profiles, minerals and bioactive compounds of stingless bee honey (Meliponinae). Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 86, 103390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2019.103390
Biluca, F. C., da Silva, B., Caon, T., Mohr, E. T. B., Vieira, G. N., Gonzaga, L. V., ... & Costa, A. C. O. (2020). Investigation of phenolic compounds, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in stingless bee honey (Meliponinae). Food Research International, 129, 108756.
Cahyadi, M. A., Sidharta, B. R., & To'bungan, N. (2019). Karakteristik dan Efektivitas Salep Madu Klanceng dari Lebah Trigona sp. Sebagai Antibakteri dan Penyembuh Luka Sayat. Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati, 4(3), 104–109. https://doi.org/10.24002/biota.v4i3.2520
Food and Agriculture Organization. (2023). FAOSTAT Crops and Livestock Products. https://www.fao.org/faostat/
Hairiyah, N., Nuryati, N., & Nordiyah, F. (2022). Formulasi Pembuatan Body Scrub Berbahan Dasar Beras Ketan Putih (Oryza Sativa Var Glutinous) Dan Madu. Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Andalas, 26(1), 53.
Hidayat, R., & Sari, M. (2020). Evaluasi Stabilitas Fisik Sediaan Scrub Berbasis Ekstrak Alam. Indonesian Journal Of Pharmacy, 12(2), 112–119.
Nafisa, S., Fahleni, F., & Salsabilla, N. (2021). Formulasi Dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Emulgel Ekstrak Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma Cacao L.). Jurnal Ilmiah Farmako Bahari, 12(2), 117–121. https://doi.org/10.52434/jfb.v12i2.1158
Novaryatiin, S., Wulandari, A., Arfiana Safitri, R., & Dian Ardhany, S. (2026). Formulasi dan Evaluasi Mutu Fisik Body Scrub Beras Merah dan Madu Kelulut Kalimantan Tengah. Jurnal Kesehatan Bakti Tunas Husada, 26(1), 76–83. https://doi.org/10.36465/jkbth.v26i1.1898
Ranneh, Y., Ali, F., Zarei, M., Akim, A. M., Hamid, H. A., & Khazaai, H. (2018). Malaysian stingless bee and Tualang honeys: A comparative characterization of total antioxidant capacity and phenolic profile. Antioxidants, 7(8), 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox7080087
Ranneh, Y., et al. (2018). Malaysian stingless bee honey: A review of its nutritional and therapeutic properties. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 73, 1–15. 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108756
Setiawan, B. (2020). Flavonoid Dalam Kakao Dan Perannya Dalam Antioksidan Kulit. Jurnal Kimia Dan Terapan, 8(3), 200–208.
World Health Organization. (2011). Quality control methods for herbal materials. World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/44479
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Marsya Batrisyia Bazla, Nurul Hidayah, Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the author as the owner of the paper. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles.
Authors are permitted to disseminate published articles by sharing the link/DOI of the article at the journal. Authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from the journal with an acknowledgment of initial publication to this journal.
