DPPH Antioxidant Activity of 70% Ethanol Extract of Roselle (H. sabdariffa L.) Calyces
DOI:
10.29303/jbt.v26i4.13197Published:
2026-09-28Downloads
Abstract
Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between reactive species and antioxidant defenses. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) calyces contain phenolic and flavonoid compounds that may contribute to radical-scavenging activity. This study evaluated the phytochemical profile and DPPH radical-scavenging activity of a 70% ethanol extract of roselle calyces. Dried calyx powder was macerated with 70% ethanol, screened qualitatively for phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids, and tested against DPPH at 5–25 µg/mL; vitamin C was used as a positive control. Extraction yield and moisture content were 27.81% and 1.81%, respectively. Phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins were detected, whereas alkaloids were not detected. DPPH inhibition increased with extract concentration, and linear regression (y = 3.0179x − 16.7611; R² = 0.9907) gave an IC50 of 22.12 µg/mL. Vitamin C had a lower IC50 (2.36 µg/mL), indicating greater radical-scavenging potency under the same assay conditions. The extract therefore showed substantial in vitro DPPH radical-scavenging activity, although interpretation should be limited to this chemical assay and supported by replicate variability and additional antioxidant measurements.
Keywords:
Antioxidant activity DPPH method Hibiscus sabdariffa L. IC50 Phytochemical screeningReferences
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