The Effect of Growing Media Combinations and KNO₃ Fertilizer Doses on The Growth and Yield of French Breakfast Radish (Raphanus sativus L.)
DOI:
10.29303/jbt.v26i4.13460Published:
2026-10-01Downloads
Abstract
Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is a horticultural crop with potential for urban farming, but its performance is influenced by growing media characteristics and nutrient availability. This study aimed to analyze the effects of growing media, KNO₃ fertilizer doses, and their interaction on the growth and yield of French Breakfast radish grown in polybags. The study was conducted from May to July 2026 using a factorial Completely Randomized Design with two growing media, namely soil + rice husk and soil + sand, and four KNO₃ doses (0, 0.75, 1.50, and 2.25 g polybag⁻¹), with four replications. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by the 5% HSD test. The results showed a significant interaction between growing media and KNO₃ dose on leaf number growth rate and leaf number at 28 days after planting (DAP). The combination of soil + rice husk and 0.75 g KNO₃ polybag⁻¹ produced the highest values, at 0.21 leaves day⁻¹ and 7.75 leaves, respectively. Growing media significantly affected leaf number at 14 DAP and shoot-to-root ratio, while KNO₃ significantly affected fresh plant weight based on ANOVA. No significant effects were observed on tuber yield components. These findings imply that soil + rice husk combined with 0.75 g KNO₃ polybag⁻¹ may support vegetative growth, but cannot yet be recommended as an optimum treatment for increasing tuber yield.
Keywords:
French Breakfast radish Growth Growing media KNO₃ Tuber yieldReferences
Abdarah, A., Riandi, M. I., & Marsinah, M. (2026). Efektivitas Pemberian Pupuk Kalium Nitrat (KNO₃) Pada Berbagai Dosis Terhadap Kualitas Buah Semangka (Citrullus lanatus L.). Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Kehutanan Tropika, 4(2), 239-246.
Ajmeri, A. S., Bairwa, H. L., Pilania, S., Bunker, R. H., Meena, R. L., & Chandel, R. (2024). Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) cv. Pusa Himani. Annual Research & Review in Biology, 39(10), 99–107. https://doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2024/v39i102145
Akay, A. (2019). The effect of NPK fertilizer and vermicompost application on plant growth and the nutrient contents of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Turkish Journal of Agriculture – Food Science and Technology, 7(12), 2259-2263. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i12.2259-2263.3029
Almaramah, S. B., Abu-Elsaoud, A. M., Alteneiji, W. A., Albedwawi, S. T., El-Tarabily, K. A., & Al Raish, S. M. (2024). The impact of food waste compost, vermicompost, and chemical fertilizers on the growth measurement of red radish (Raphanus sativus): A sustainability perspective in the United Arab Emirates. Foods, 13(11), 1608.
Ardi, M. (2022). Pengaruh Bokashi Kotoran Kambing dan KCl terhadap Pertumbuhan serta Produksi Tanaman Lobak (Raphanus sativus). Skripsi. Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Islam Riau, Pekanbaru.
Az Zubairi, M., Sulastri, N. N., & Budisanjaya, I. P. G. (2023). Karakteristik Parameter Pertumbuhan Microgreen Lobak (Raphanus sativus) pada Jenis Media Tanam dan Penggunaan Grow Light. Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian), 11(2), 402–410. http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/beta
Bui, F., Lelang, M. A., & Taolin, R. I. (2016). Pengaruh komposisi media tanam dan ukuran polybag terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tomat (Licopercicum escelentum Mill). Savana Cendana, 1(01), 1-7.
Choi, J.-Y., Yun, Y.-U., Choi, S.-H., Lee, J.-I., & Lee, Y. (2022). Effects of NPK fertilization on yield and fertilizer use efficiency of ‘Altari’ radish (Raphanus sativus L.). Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer, 55(2), 93–101. https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2022.55.2.093
Dewi, A. F., Sari, T. M., & Carolina, H. S. (2020). Pengaruh Media Tanam Pasir, Arang Sekam, dan Aplikasi Pupuk lcn Terhadap Jumlah Tunas Tanaman Tin (Ficus carica l) Sebagai Sumber Belajar Biologi. Jurnal Bioeducation, 7(1), 1-7.
Eom, T., Kim, T., & Yoo, S. (2025). Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Growth, Vegetation Indices, and Ammonia Volatilization in Korean Radish (Raphanus sativus L.). Nitrogen, 6(2), 42. 10.3390/nitrogen6020042.
Gamba, M., Asllanaj, E., Raguindin, P. F., Glisic, M., Franco, O. H., Minder, B., Bussler, W., Metzger, B., Kern, H., & Muka, T. (2021). Nutritional and phytochemical characterization of radish (Raphanus sativus): A systematic review. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 113, 205–218. DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.04.045.
Kerckhoffs, H., & Zhang, L. (2021). Application of Central Composite Design on Assessment and Optimization of Ammonium/Nitrate and Potassium for Hydroponically Grown Radish (Raphanus sativus). Scientia Horticulturae, 286, 110205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110205
Kumar, D., Kumar, K., Chaudhary, V., Singh, R., Chaudhary, V., & Kumar, A. (2021). Effect of different level of nitrogen on the growth and yield of radish (Raphanus sativus). Progressive Agriculture, 21(2), 269–271. https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4615.2021.00045.4
Kumar, S., Diwakar, S. K., Yadav, D., Kumar, M., & Yadav, H. (2024). Impact of NPK, FYM and vermicompost on growth and yield of radish (Raphanus sativus L.). Reproduction and Breeding, 4(2), 110–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.repbre.2024.03.002
Li, M., Ning, X.-P., Gao, T.-T., et al. (2024). Rice husk ash based growing media impact on cucumber and melon growth and quality. Scientific Reports, 14, 5147. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-55622-4
Mon, W. W., & Ueno, H. (2024). Short-term effect of the combined application of rice husk biochar and organic and inorganic fertilizers on radish growth and nitrogen use efficiency. Plants, 13(17), 2376. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13172376
Pahlevi, R. W., Bambang, G. dan Nur E. S. 2016. Pengaruh Kombinasi Proporsi Pemupukan Nitrogen Dan Kalium Pada Pertumbuhan, Hasil Dan Kualitas Tanaman Ubi Jalar (Ipomea Batatas (L.) Lamb) Varietas Cilembu Pada Dataran Rendah. Produksi Tanaman, 4 (1): 16 – 22
Ram, G., Chopra, S., Bhushan, A., Samnotra, R. K., Ola, A. L., & Kantwa, R. C. (2024). Effect of GA3 and potassium on growth and yield in red radish (Raphanus sativus L.) under subtropical conditions of Jammu. International Journal of Environment and Climate Change, 14(1), 186–193. DOI: 10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i13824.
Santari, P. T., Dewi, D. O., & Hartono. (2024). Growth and yield of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) treated with different organic manure on alluvial soil. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia, 52(2). DOI: 10.24831/jai.v52i2.53372.
Singh, Y. V., Singh, S. K., & Dey, P. (2024). Fertilizer prescriptions equation for targeted yield in radish under integrated plant nutrient management system in an Inceptisol. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, 71(4), 416–420.
Sunanda, D. A., Tyas, W., & Kurniawan, F. (2026, July). Pengaruh Kombinasi Pupuk MKP dan KNO₃ Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas Tanaman Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.). In PROSISI: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Saintek (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 62-70).
Syauqi, M., & Handoyo, T. (2022). Respon pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman lobak (Raphanus sativus L.) terhadap dosis pupuk nitrogen dan pupuk kalium. Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian, 5(3), 158–162. https://doi.org/10.19184/bip.v5i3.15645
Tasquetto Fiorin, T., & Farias Menegaes, J. (2024). Mudas de rabanete cultivadas em diferentes volumes de alvéolos por bandeja e substratos. Ensaios e Ciência, 28(2), 268–273. DOI: 10.17921/1415-6938.2024v28n2p268-273.
Tomobe, H., Tsugawa, S., Yoshida, Y., Arita, T., Tsai, A. Y. L., Kubo, M., ... & Sawa, S. (2023). A mechanical theory of competition between plant root growth and soil pressure reveals a potential mechanism of root penetration. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 7473. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34025-x
Yayat, Y., Darussalam, D., & Susana, R. (2022). The effect of rice husk biochar and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of radish in red yellow podsolic soil. Jurnal Sains Pertanian Equator, 12(1), 120–130. https://doi.org/10.26418/jspe.v12i1.60499
Zhang, W., et al. (2021). Identifying the critical nitrogen fertilizer rate for optimum yield and minimum nitrate leaching in a typical field radish cropping system in China. Environmental Pollution, 268, 115004. 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115004
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Nova Handa Utami, Liana Suryaningsih B., I Gusti Putu Muliarta Aryana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the author as the owner of the paper. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles.
Authors are permitted to disseminate published articles by sharing the link/DOI of the article at the journal. Authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from the journal with an acknowledgment of initial publication to this journal.
