Dracaena angustifolia Ethanolic Extract and Sperm Morphology in Cigarette Smoke-Exposed Mice
DOI:
10.29303/jbt.v26i4.13495Published:
2026-11-05Downloads
Abstract
Exposure to cigarette smoke induces oxidative stress, which can cause abnormalities in sperm morphology. Dracaena angustifolia contains natural antioxidants such as flavonoids and chlorophyll that have the potential to protect spermatozoa. This study aimed to determine the effect of Dracaena angustifolia leaves ethanolic extract on sperm morphology of mice exposed to cigarette smoke. Forty-eight healthy male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 16 groups (n = 3 per group) using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD). We combined two factors: cigarette smoke exposure duration (0, 5, 15, and 30 minutes) and the dose of Dracaena angustifolia leaf ethanolic extract (0, 500, 1000, and 1500 ppm). Sperm morphology was observed by eosin-nigrosin staining. The results of Two-Way ANOVA showed that cigarette smoke exposure had a highly significant effect on sperm morphology (p = 0.000; F = 30.112), increasing the percentage of abnormal spermatozoa. The dose of Dracaena angustifolia leaf ethanolic extract also had a highly significant effect (p = 0.000; F = 34.942), indicating its protective role in maintaining normal sperm morphology. There was a significant interaction between smoke exposure and extract dose (p = 0.047; F = 2.225). The flavonoid content, as a free radical scavenger, is thought to prevent lipid peroxidation of the sperm plasma membrane. It can be concluded that the ethanolic extract of Dracaena angustifolia leaves has potential as a protective agent against sperm morphology damage due to cigarette smoke exposure.
Keywords:
Dracaena angustifolia Cigarette smoke Flavonoid Sperm morphology Oxidative stressReferences
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