Ethanolic Extract of Dracaena angustifolia Protects Sperm Concentration of Mus musculus Following cigarette smoke exposure
DOI:
10.29303/jbt.v26i4.13538Published:
2026-11-05Downloads
Abstract
Exposure to cigarette smoke induces oxidative stress, which can reduce sperm concentration. Dracaena angustifolia contains natural antioxidants such as flavonoids and chlorophyll that have the potential to protect spermatozoa. This study aimed to determine the effect of Dracaena angustifolia leaf ethanolic extract on sperm concentration in mice exposed to cigarette smoke. Forty-eight healthy male balb/c mice were randomly divided into 16 groups (n = 3 per group) using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Two factors were combined: the duration of cigarette smoke exposure (0, 5, 15, and 30 minutes) and the dose of Dracaena angustifolia leaf ethanolic extract (0, 500, 1000, and 1500 ppm). Sperm concentration was evaluated using an improved Neubauer hemocytometer under a light microscope at 400× magnification. The results of Two-Way ANOVA showed that cigarette smoke exposure had a highly significant effect on reducing sperm concentration (p = 0.000; F = 120.146). The dose of Dracaena angustifolia leaf ethanolic extract also had a highly significant effect on increasing sperm concentration (p = 0.000; F = 87.319), indicating its protective role in maintaining normal sperm concentration. There was a significant interaction between smoke exposure and extract dose (p = 0.034; F = 2.384). The flavonoid content, as a free radical scavenger, is thought to prevent lipid peroxidation of the sperm plasma membrane. It can be concluded that the ethanolic extract of Dracaena angustifolia leaves has potential as a natural antioxidant to maintain sperm concentration in mice exposed to cigarette smoke.
Keywords:
Dracaena angustifolia Cigarette smoke Flavonoid Sperm concentration Oxidative stressReferences
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