Kelimpahan Spesies Kelelawar Ordo Chiroptera di Gua Wilayah Selatan Pulau Lombok NTB

Abstract

ABSTRAK
Penelitian untuk mengetahui kelimpahan kelelawar di beberapa gua di wilayah selatan Pulau
Lombok telah dilakukan. Survey dilakukan selama bulan Maret sampai Mei 2014 pada 5 gua
yaitu Gua Gale-Gale, Gua Buwun, Gua Kenculit, Gua Raksasa, dan Gua Pantai Surga.
Pengambilan sampel kelelawar untuk identifikasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan Mist net (jaring
kabut). Kelelawar yang tertangkap diidentifikasi lebih lanjut di Laboratorium Biologi FMIPA
Universitas Mataram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa ada 6 Famili dengan 12
spesies.Spesies tersebut diantaranya; Hipposederos ater memiliki kelimpahan yang paling tinggi
(18,1 individu/trap/malam) dibandingkan dengan kelimpahan spesies kelelawar yang lain.
kemudian diikuti secara berturut-turut oleh Rhinolopus simplex (10,3 individu/trap/malam),
Rosettus amplxicaudatus (7,5 individu/trap/malam), Miniopterus pusillus (7,3
individu/trap/malam), Hipposideros diadema (6,7 individu/trap/malam), Eonicteris speleae (6.2
individu/trap/malam), Phoniscus atrox dan Taphozous melanopogon (masing-masing memiliki
kelimpahan 5,2 individu/trap/malam), Macroglossus minimus (4,5 individu/trap/malam), Murina
cyclotis (4,3 individu/trap/malam), Rhinopoma microphyllum (2,7 individu/trap/malam), dan
Hipposideros bicolor (1,1 individu/trap/malam). Kelimpahan spesies kelelawar tertinggi
ditemukan di Gua Raksasa Tanjung Ringgit dengan kelimpahan sebesar 27,5 individu/trap/malam.
Selanjutnya diikuti oleh Gua Gale-gale 25,3 individu/trap/malam, Gua Buwun 9,3
ind/Trap.malam, gua Pantai Surga 8,7 individu/trap/malam, dan gua Kenculit 8,2
individu/trap/malam.
Kata Kunci: Kelelawar, Gua, Wilayah Selatan Pulau Lombok
ABSTRACT
A research on diversity of bats of cave in the south area of Lombok island was conducted.
Five caves survied for this research were Gale-Gale, Buwun, Kenculit, Raksasa, and cave Pantai
Surga. Survey was done during Mart to Mei 2014. Samples of bat were obtained by using Mist
net. The bats were observed and identified in the Biology Laboratorium FMIPA University of
Mataram. This research fully identified 12 species from 6 Famili of bats. The species are such as:
Hipposederos ater, Rhinolopus simplex, Rosettus amplxicaudatus, Miniopterus pusillus,
Hipposideros diadema, Eonicteris speleae, Phoniscus atrox, Taphozous melanopogon,
Macroglossus minimus, Murina cyclotis, Rhinopoma microphyllum, and Hipposideros bicolor.
The highest density was recorded for Hipposederos ater (18,1 ind/trap/night). The other species
with relative similar density were Rhinolopus simplex (10,3 ind/trap/night), Rosettus
amplxicaudatus (7,5 ind/trap/night), Miniopterus pusillus (7,3 ind/trap/night), Hipposideros
diadema (6,7 in/trap/night), Eonicteris speleae (6.2 ind/trap/night), Phoniscus atrox and
Taphozous melanopogon (each of 5,2 ind/trap/night), Macroglossus minimus (4,5 ind/trap/night),
Murina cyclotis (4,3 ind/trap/night), Rhinopoma microphyllum (2,7 ind/trap/night), and
Hipposideros bicolor (1,1 ind/trap/night). The highest density (27,5 ind/trap/night) of bat was
recorded in Raksasa cave Tanjung Ringgit. It followed by density of bat recorded in caves of Gale-gale, Buwun, Pantai Surga, and Kenculit were 25,3 ind/trap/night, 9,3 ind/Trap/night, 8,7
ind/trap/night, and 8,2 ind/trap/night, respectively.
Key words: Bat, Cave, South Region of Lombok Island