Restoration of Tofu Wastewater Quality Using Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)
DOI:
10.29303/jbt.v26i4.13749Published:
2026-11-03Downloads
Abstract
Tofu industry wastewater contains high levels of organic matter that can degrade environmental quality. This study examined the effectiveness of ex situ remediation using water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) on wastewater BOD and pH. The experiment employed a 3x3 factorial Completely Randomized Design, testing the number of plants per tank (0, 3, and 6 plants) and the duration in days (0, 7, and 14), with three replicates. Plants aged 14 days with a height of ±10 cm were collected from their natural habitat, cleaned, and acclimatized in pond water before being grown in 3 L of wastewater for 14 days. BOD and pH were measured on days 0, 7, and 14. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and the DMRT post-hoc test. The results showed that the number of plants and the duration of remediation significantly influenced the reduction of BOD and the increase in pH. The combinations (3-7), (6-7), (3-14), and (6-14) reduced BOD by 18.64%, 25.36%, 39.29%, and 44.19%, respectively, and increased pH by 29.68%, 27.32%, 36.08%, and 41.87%, respectively. These combinations successfully reduced BOD below the quality standard (150 ppm) and raised the pH to ≥6.0.
Keywords:
BOD Eichhornia crassipes pH Phytoremediation Tofu wastewaterReferences
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