Peran Ekosistem Hutan Mangrove Sebagai Habitat Untuk Organisme Laut
DOI:
10.29303/jbt.v17i2.497Published:
2017-07-11Downloads
Abstract
Abstrak
Tulisan ini menjelaskan tentang peran ekosistem hutan mangrove sebagai habitat untuk organisme laut dengan menggunaan analisis diskriptif. Data diambil dari literatur-literatur terkait yang kemudian didiskripsikan lebih lanjut. Data yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa hutan mangrove di Indonesia diperkirakan mencakup area seluas 4,25 juta hektar, hanya sekitar 2% dari seluruh wilayah daratan, namun nilai ekonomi dan lingkungannya tidak boleh di bawah perkiraan, oleh karena itu kehadirannya harus dijaga. Sebagai zona transisi antara ekosistem terestrial dan laut, ekosistem mangrove telah lama dikenal memiliki banyak fungsi dan merupakan penghubung penting dalam menjaga keseimbangan biologis ekosistem pesisir.
Ekosistem hutan mangrove merupakan habitat penting bagi organisme laut. Umumnya didominasi oleh moluska dan krustasea. Moluska ini terdiri terutama dari Gastropoda dan selanjutnya didominasi oleh dua keluarga, yaitu Potamidae dan Ellobiidae. Sedangkan untuk krustasea, terutama terdiri dari Brachyura. Beberapa fauna mangrove juga dikenal sebagai bahan habis pakai dan secara ekonomi penting seperti Terebralia palustris, Telescopium telescopium (Gastropoda), Anadara kuno, Coaxans polymesoda, Ostrea cucullata (Bivalvia), dan Scylla serrate, S. olivacea, Portunus pelagicus, Epixanthus dentatus, Labnanium politum (Crustacea).
Kata kunci : hutan mangrove, ekosistem mangrove, moluska
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ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ This paper describes the role of the mangrove forest ecosystem as a habitat for marine organisms by using descriptive analysis. The data are drawn from related literatures which are further described. The data obtained indicate that mangrove forests in Indonesia are estimated to cover an area of 4.25 million hectares, only about 2% of the entire land area, but its economic and environmental value should not be underestimated, therefore its presence must be maintained. As a transition zone between terrestrial and marine ecosystems, the mangrove ecosystem has long been known to have many functions and is an important link in maintaining the biological balance of coastal ecosystems. The mangrove forest ecosystem is an important habitat for marine organisms. Generally dominated by molluscs and crustaceans. This mollusc consists mainly of Gastropods and is further dominated by two families, namely Potamidae and Ellobiidae. As for crustaceans, mainly consisting of Brachyura. Some mangrove fauna are also known as economical and economically important materials such as Terebralia palustris, Telescopium telescopium (Gastropoda), ancient Anadara, Coaxans polymesoda, Ostrea cucullata (Bivalvia), and Scylla serrate, S. olivacea, Portunus pelagicus, Epixanthus dentatus, Labnanium politic (Crustacea).
Keywords: mangrove forest, mangrove ecosystem, mollusk.
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