Agreement of Non-Contact Infrared Thermometer Measurement Results with Digital Axillary Thermometer in Neonates at the Pejeruk Community Health
DOI:
10.29303/jbt.v24i1b.8136Published:
2025-02-11Downloads
Abstract
NCIT has several advantages, such as quick measurement time, no need for contact between the device and the patient, and greater comfort for patients compared to measuring temperature using TDA or rectal digital thermometers. These advantages make NCIT suitable for use in PKM. However, previous research on the comparability of NCIT measurement results with TDA in neonates is limited and shows varying results. This study aims to determine the agreement of NCIT measurement results with TDA measurement results in neonates. The study is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design. 25 neonates participated in this study, with some having their temperature measured only once and others more than once, according to an agreement with their guardians. A total of 62 temperature measurement samples were taken after going through the inclusion and exclusion process. The measuring instrument used was the digital axillary thermometer (TDA), which served as the reference. Additionally, three types of non-contact infrared thermometers (NCITs) were used to assess their agreement for this study. The sample data was analyzed using the One-Sample T-test, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) method, and Bland Altman Plot. The ICC results indicated poor agreement of each NCIT with the TDA. The One Sample T-test indicates that of of the NCIT used does not have statistically significant differences compared to TDA, whereas two other types of NCIT do have statistically significant differences compared to TDA, The Bland Altman Plot analysis shows that the Limits of Agreement for each type of NCIT with TDA are still wide. From these results, it is concluded that these three types of NCIT cannot replace TDA as a body temperature measurement tool for neonates.
Keywords:
Agreement, NCIT, Neonate, PKM, TDA.References
Agarwal, V., Goel, A., & Shetty, R. (2023). Comparison of the accuracy of digital axillary thermometer (DAT) with infrared forehead skin thermometer (IFST) measurements in healthy newborns. IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics and Oncology, 9(1), 32–35. https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmpo.2023.006
Aicare, J., & Technology, M. (2020). Product specification Aicare A66. Building Research & Information, 21(1), 21–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/09613219308727250
Asmarini, T. A., & Rustina, Y. (2021). Polietilen Mencegah Hipotermia Neonatus Prematur Pada Proses Transportasi Di Rumah Sakit. Journal Of Telenursing Telenursing, 3(2), 6. https://doi.org/10.31539/joting.v3i1.2240
Bright, B., & Kumar, G. (2023). Diagnostic Accuracy of Non-Contact Infrared Thermometer in Comparison with Mercury Thermometer and Digital Thermometers. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 13(3), 187–194. https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20230318
Charlton, M., Stanley, S. A., Whitman, Z., Wenn, V., Coats, T. J., Sims, M., & Thompson, J. P. (2020). The effect of constitutive pigmentation on the measured emissivity of human skin. PLOS ONE, 15(25 November), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241843
Chiappini, E., Sollai, S., Longhi, R., Morandini, L., Laghi, A., Osio, C. E., Persiani, M., Lonati, S., Picchi, R., Bonsignori, F., Mannelli, F., Galli, L., & Martino, M. De. (2011). Performance of non-contact infrared thermometer for detecting febrile children in hospital and ambulatory settings. 1311–1318. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03565.x
Cutuli, S. L., See, E. J., Osawa, E. A., Ancona, P., Marshall, D., Eastwood, G. M., Glassford, N. J., & Bellomo, R. (2021). Accuracy of non-invasive body temperature measurement methods in adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit : a systematic review and meta-analysis. Critical Care and Resuscitation, 23(1), 6–13. https://doi.org/10.51893/2021.1.sr1
Dante, A., Franconi, I., Marucci, A. R., Alfes, C. M., & Lancia, L. (2020). Evaluating the Interchangeability of Forehead, Tympanic, and Axillary Thermometers in Italian Paediatric Clinical Settings: Results of a Multicentre Observational Study. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 52(xxxx), e21–e25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2019.11.014
Dell’isola, G. B., Cosentini, E., Canale, L., Ficco, G., & Dell’isola, M. (2021). Noncontact body temperature measurement: Uncertainty evaluation and screening decision rule to prevent the spread of covid-19. Sensors (Switzerland), 21(2), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21020346
Demtse, A. G., Pfister, R. E., Nigussie, A. K., McClure, E. M., Ferede, Y. G., Tazu Bonger, Z., Mekasha, A., Demisse, A. G., Gidi, N. W., Metaferia, G., Worku, B., Goldenberg, R. L., & Muhe, L. M. (2020). Hypothermia in Preterm Newborns: Impact on Survival. Global Pediatric Health, 7. https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794X20957655
FDA. (2020). Non-Contact Infrared Thermometer. FDA. https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/general-hospital-devices-and-supplies/non-contact-infrared-thermometers (Accessed on December 11, 2024)
Hayward, G., Verbakel, J. Y., Ismail, F. A., Edwards, G., Wang, K., Fleming, S., Holtman, G. A., Glogowska, M., Morris, E., Curtis, K., & Bruel, A. Van Den. (2020). Non-contact infrared versus axillary and tympanic thermometers in children attending primary care : British Journal of General Practice, April, 236–244. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp20X708845
Khan, S., Saultry, B., Adams, S., Kouzani, A. Z., & Decker, K. (2021). Comparative accuracy testing of non-contact infrared thermometers and temporal artery thermometers in an adult hospital setting. American Journal of Infection Control, 49(January), 597–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.09.012
Koo, T. K., & Li, M. Y. (2016). A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine, 15(2), 155–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012
Microlife. (2024). www.microlife.com. https://www.manualslib.com/manual/1715351/Microlife-Fr1mf1.html#manual (Accessed on December 11, 2024)
Olasinde, Y., Ernest, M., Popoola, G., & Ernest, K. (2018). Comparative Thermometery in Paediatric Age Group : Is the Non-Touch Infrared Thermometer ( NTIT ) Reading Comparable to Regular Mercury-in-Glass Thermometer ( MIGT ) Reading ? 303–310. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojped.2018.84031
Omron. (2021). No-Touch Forehead Thermometer ET-720 Instruction Manual. https://omronhealthcare.com/products/no-touch-digital-infrared-forehead-thermometer-1-et720 (Accessed on December 11, 2024)
Paramudita, I., Ari, T., Wijanarko, W., Amanda, A. P., Bakti, P., Pengujian, P. T., Ilmu, L., Indonesia, P., & Gedung, K. P. (2021). Pengaruh Jarak Ukur dan Jenis Termometer Inframerah pada Hasil Pengukuran Suhu Tubuh Sebagai Skrining Awal Covid-19. Jurnal Standardisasi, 23(2), 133–140. https://doi.org/10.31153/js.v23i2.884
Piccinini, F., Martinelli, G., & Carbonaro, A. (2021). Reliability of body temperature measurements obtained with contactless infrared point thermometers commonly used during the covid-19 pandemic. Sensors, 21(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113794
Qiuyi, Y., Qiaoyuan, Y., Hong, Y., & Huifang, H. (2020). Journal of nursing Healthcare Design of Portable New Intelligence Thermometer for Newborn Household. Journal of Nursing Jocularity, 5(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.33140/jnh.05.01.02
Robertson-Smith, J., McCaffrey, F. T., Sayers, R., Williams, S., & Taylor, B. J. (2015). A comparison of mid-forehead and axillary temperatures in newborn intensive care. Journal of Perinatology, 35(2), 120–122. https://doi.org/10.1038/jp.2014.148
Sener, S., Karcioglu, O., Eken, C., Yaylaci, S., & Ozsarac, M. (2012). Agreement between axillary, tympanic, and mid-forehead body temperature measurements in adult emergency department patients. European Journal of Emergency Medicine, 19(4), 252–256. https://doi.org/10.1097/MEJ.0b013e32834c5841
Shimek, J. A., Emmanuel, J., Orris, P., & Chartier, Y. (2011). Thermometers and in Health Care Replacement of Mercury Thermometers and Sphygmomanometers in Health Care Technical Guidance Edited by : Jo Anna M Shimek ,. In J. A. Shimek, J. Emmanuel, P. Orris, & Y. Chartier (Eds.), World Health Organization. World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/44592/9789241548182_eng.pdf;jsessionid=A42C1FC153CA1357251482DBB63C9095?sequence=1(Accessed on December 11, 2024)
Sijabat, S., Aruan, D. G. R., Antoni, D., & Simarmata, B. (2021). Studi Akurasi Alat Termometer Non-Contact Dengan Menggunakan Infra Red Pada Termometer Digital. Jurnal Mutiara Elektromedik, 5(2), 72–79. https://doi.org/10.51544/elektromedik.v5i2.4502
Sollai, S., Dani, C., Berti, E., Fancelli, C., Galli, L., De Martino, M., & Chiappini, E. (2016). Performance of a non-contact infrared thermometer in healthy newborns. BMJ Open, 6(3), 4–9. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008695
Srinidhi, Ranganath, & Jennifer, R. (2022). Comparison of Axillary Digital and Infrared Forehead Thermometer. Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences, 10(1), 82–86. https://doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2022.v10i01.013
Sullivan, S., Rinaldi, J., Hariharan, P., Casamento, J., Baek, S., Seay, N., Vesnovsky, O., & Topoleski, T. (2021). Clinical evaluation of non‑contact sullivan.pdf. Nature. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-99300-1
Sund-Levander, M., & Grodzinsky, E. (2009). Time for a change to assess and evaluate body temperature in clinical practice. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 15, 241–249. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-172X.2009.01756.x
Thiagarajan, S., Balaji, R., & Pothapregada, S. (2020). Non-Contact Infrared Thermometry in Febrile Infants. Indian Pediatrics, 57(9), 857–858. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-020-1967-7
United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME). (2021). Levels & Trends in Child Mortality. In Report 2021. https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/levels-and-trends-in-child-mortality-report-2021(Accessed on December 11, 2024)
Wang, G., Wang, W., Li, K., & Liu, H. (2014). A Digital Thermometer With Fast Response and High Precision. 2014 7th International Conference on BioMedical Engineering and Informatics (BMEI 2014) A, 61372047, 504–510. https://doi.org/10.1109/BMEI.2014.7002827.
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Syihabul Muttaqin, Marisa Syafitri Dilaga, Dini Suryani, Abiyyu Didar Haq, Putu Aditya Wiguna
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the author as the owner of the paper. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles.
Authors are permitted to disseminate published articles by sharing the link/DOI of the article at the journal. Authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from the journal with an acknowledgment of initial publication to this journal.
