Comparison of Total Chromium (Cr) Levels in Blood Samples of Conventional Cigarettes and Electric Cigarettes Users

Andita Ainal Rizki; Mastuti Widi Lestari

doi:10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.11126

Comparison of Total Chromium (Cr) Levels in Blood Samples of Conventional Cigarettes and Electric Cigarettes Users

Authors

Andita Ainal Rizki , Mastuti Widi Lestari

DOI:

10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.11126

Published:

2025-12-30

Issue:

Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue

Keywords:

Blood, Chromium, Conventional cigarettes, E-cigarettes

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Rizki, A. A., & Lestari, M. W. (2025). Comparison of Total Chromium (Cr) Levels in Blood Samples of Conventional Cigarettes and Electric Cigarettes Users. Jurnal Biologi Tropis, 25(4b), 674–680. https://doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.11126

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Abstract

The extensive levels of heavy metals in the environment constitute a significant toxicity hazard to humans. Cigarettes contain heavy metal ions. Cigarettes that are generally consumed by the public are conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes. In conventional cigarettes, heavy metals come from tobacco, while in e-cigarettes they come from the constituent components and liquids. One of the metal ions found in the two cigarettes is Chromium (Cr). Normal blood Cr levels are below 1.4 μg/L. The purpose of this study is to determine the difference Cr levels in the blood of conventional cigarette users and e-cigarettes. This study used a cross-sectional approach on 11 blood samples of conventional cigarette users and 11 blood samples of e-cigarette users. The level Cr was tested using an Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) method. The results of the Cr level obtained by the Mann Whitney non-parametric test obtained a significant value of 0.005 (p < 0.05) which shows that there is a significant difference in Cr levels between the blood of conventional cigarette users and e-cigarettes.

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Comparison of Total Chromium (Cr) Levels in Blood Samples of Conventional Cigarettes and Electric Cigarettes Users

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