The Green Revolution in Gili Balu: Policy Convergence, Blue Economy, and Community Empowerment
DOI:
10.29303/jbt.v26i3.11309Published:
2026-07-09Downloads
Abstract
The Green Revolution has become a prominent policy framework for promoting sustainable development in Indonesia’s marine and fisheries sector. However, its implementation in small island regions often reveals a significant gap between policy objectives and local socio-ecological realities. This study aims to critically examine the convergence and tensions among the Green Revolution as a policy framework, the Blue Economy as a development model, and community empowerment as the ultimate goal of sustainable development in small island contexts. Using a qualitative approach, this study employs a Critical Narrative Review of 13 selected articles and policy documents, complemented by contextual reflections on Gili Balu, a small island cluster in West Sumbawa Regency, Indonesia. The analysis identifies three dominant themes: technocratic development approaches, community-based Blue Economy practices, and participatory empowerment. The findings indicate that while these concepts are theoretically complementary, their implementation is often constrained by weak local institutions, limited community authority, fragmented policy integration, and unequal access to resources. In Gili Balu, locally driven initiatives such as community-based tourism and marine resource conservation demonstrate the potential of adaptive and inclusive governance. The study concludes that sustainable transformation in small islands requires stronger integration between policy frameworks, local institutions, and community participation. The novelty of this study lies in its integrated analytical framework that connects Green Revolution, Blue Economy, and community empowerment to explain the dynamics of sustainable development in small island regions.
Keywords:
Economy Community Empowerment Gili Balu Green Revolution Small Islands Sustainable DevelopmentReferences
Akbar, M. (2017). Analisis Kerentanan Pulau-Pulau Kecil di Kecamatan Togean Kabupaten Tojo Una Una Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah (Studi Kasus P. Kukumbi, P. Enam, P. Mogo, P. Kadidiri, P. Pagempa, P. Tongkabo). Omni-Akuatika, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.20884/1.OA.2016.12.3.126
Andaiyani, S., Marwa, T., & Nurhaliza, S. (2024). Ekonomi Biru dan Ketahanan Pangan: Studi Empiris Provinsi Kepulauan di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Indonesia, 13(1), 69–85. https://doi.org/10.52813/JEI.V13I1.324
Ansell, C., & Gash, A. (2008). Collaborative Governance in Theory and Practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18(4), 543–571. https://doi.org/10.1093/JOPART/MUM032
Arnstein, S. R. (1969). A Ladder Of Citizen Participation. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 35(4), 216–224. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944366908977225
Barnett, J., & Waters, E. (2016). Rethinking the vulnerability of small island states: Climate change and development in the Pacific Islands. The Palgrave Handbook of International Development, 731–748. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-42724-3_40/SAVE-RESEARCH
Barrie, S., & Liebender-Luc, A.-S. (2016). The Ocean Economy in 2030. The Ocean Economy in 2030. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264251724-EN
Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1997). Writing narrative literature reviews. Review of General Psychology, 1(3), 311–320. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.1.3.311;WEBSITE:WEBSITE:SAGE;REQUESTEDJOURNAL:JOURNAL:RGPA;JOURNAL:JOURNAL:RGPA;WGROUP:STRING:PUBLICATION
Béné, C., Arthur, R., Norbury, H., Allison, E. H., Beveridge, M., Bush, S., Campling, L., Leschen, W., Little, D., Squires, D., Thilsted, S. H., Troell, M., & Williams, M. (2016). Contribution of Fisheries and Aquaculture to Food Security and Poverty Reduction: Assessing the Current Evidence. World Development, 79, 177–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.WORLDDEV.2015.11.007
Bennett, N. J., Blythe, J., White, C. S., & Campero, C. (2021a). Blue growth and blue justice: Ten risks and solutions for the ocean economy. Marine Policy, 125, 104387. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MARPOL.2020.104387
Bennett, N. J., Blythe, J., White, C. S., & Campero, C. (2021b). Blue growth and blue justice: Ten risks and solutions for the ocean economy. Marine Policy, 125, 104387. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MARPOL.2020.104387
Berkes, F. , C. J. , & F. C. (2003). Navigating Social-Ecological Systems: Building Resilience for Complexity and Change. Navigating Social-Ecological Systems. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511541957
Chambers, R. (1997). Whose Reality Counts? Putting the First Last. Https://Www.Cabidigitallibrary.Org/Action/DoSearch?AllField=pb%3A%28%22Intermediate+Technology+Publications+Ltd+%28ITP%29%22%29. https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/19971801093
Cohen, P. J., Allison, E. H., Andrew, N. L., Cinner, J., Evans, L. S., Fabinyi, M., Garces, L. R., Hall, S. J., Hicks, C. C., Hughes, T. P., Jentoft, S., Mills, D. J., Masu, R., Mbaru, E. K., & Ratner, B. D. (2019). Securing a just space for small-scale fisheries in the Blue Economy. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6(MAR), 434657. https://doi.org/10.3389/FMARS.2019.00171/TEXT
Dian, Adnan, I., Hasana, S., & Assidiq, F. M. (2023). IMPLEMENTASI KONSEP BLUE ECONOMY DI INDONESIA DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN TEKNOLOGI BIG DATA. In SENSISTEK (Vol. 6, Number 2).
Greenhalgh, T., Thorne, S., & Malterud, K. (2018). Time to challenge the spurious hierarchy of systematic over narrative reviews? European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 48(6), e12931. https://doi.org/10.1111/ECI.12931
Karani, P., Failler, P., Gilau, A. M., Ndende, M., & Diop, S. T. (2022). Africa Blue Economy Strategies Integrated in Planning to Achieve Sustainable Development at National and Regional Economic Communities (RECs). Journal of Sustainability Research, 4(3), e220011. https://doi.org/10.20900/JSR20220011
Kasus, S., Dan, N., Usaha, P., Kecamatan, D., Haji, P., Putra Pratama, J., Rohmansyah, R., Puntodewo, L., & Rahman, F. A. (2025). Ketahanan Masyarakat Pesisir terhadap Dampak Perubahan Iklim: Studi Kasus Nelayan dan Pelaku Usaha di Kecamatan Paku Haji. Journal of Management and Social Sciences, 4(1), 20–36. https://doi.org/10.55606/JIMAS.V4I1.1709
Kaunang, S. D. E., Kaunang, S. D. E., Amanda, T., Suhana, Marlianingrum, P. R., Pahlevi, M. R., & Nusantara, T. S. (2025). Conceptual, Strategy, and Implementation of Blue Economy in Marine and Freshwater Fisheries Management. Jurnal Ekonomi Laut Dan Air Tawar, 1(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.37932/jelawat.v1.i1.916
Kelman, I. (2018). Islandness within climate change narratives of small island developing states (SIDS). Island Studies Journal , 13 (1) Pp. 149-166. (2018) , 13(1), 149–166. https://doi.org/10.24043/ISJ.52
KKP. (2020). KKP | Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. https://www.kkp.go.id/publikasi/akuntabilitas-kinerja/perencanaan-kinerja/detail/rencana-strategis-kkp-tahun-2020-2024664e9edd68c98.html
Nurhasanah, I. S., Angely, G., & Rahman, M. B. (2025). Pemberdayaan Komunitas dalam Ekowisata di Pulau Kecil. Jurnal Perencanaan Dan Pengembangan Kebijakan, 5(1), 82. https://doi.org/10.35472/jppk.v5i1.2146
Ostrom, E. (2009). A general framework for analyzing sustainability of social-ecological systems. Science, 325(5939), 419–422. https://doi.org/10.1126/SCIENCE.1172133;PAGE:STRING:ARTICLE/CHAPTER
Patel, R. (2013). The Long Green Revolution. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 40(1), 1–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2012.719224
Pelling, M., & Uitto, J. I. (2001). Small island developing states: natural disaster vulnerability and global change. Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards, 3(2), 49–62. https://doi.org/10.3763/EHAZ.2001.0306
Putri, H. M., Mira, & Ramadhan, A. (2025). Re-evaluating Island Sustainability: Navigating Tourism Pressures and Ecological Constraints in Archipelagic Development. Journal of Marine and Island Cultures, 14(3). https://doi.org/10.21463/JMIC.2025.14.3.08
Radosavljevic, S., Venturino, E., Acotto, F., Wang, Q., Su, J., & Gasparatos, A. (2025). Sustainable intensification of small-scale aquaculture systems depends on the local context and characteristics of producers. https://arxiv.org/pdf/2502.18488
SACHS Jeffrey D Sachs, J. D., of Sustainable Development, P., & of Health Policy, P. (2013). print/jeffrey-d-sachs-proposes-a-new-curriculum-for-a-new-era EDUCATION The Age of Sustainable Development. http://www.project-syndicate.org/
Sartia Arif. (2015). Pengantar Sosiologi Masyarakat Pesisir - Arif Satria - Google Buku. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=WCNLDAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=id#v=onepage&q&f=false
Satria Arif. (2026). Agromaritim 5.0, IPB Fokus Riset di Bidang Omics, AI, dan Sustainability - Arif Satria. https://arifsatria-staff.ipb.ac.id/agromaritim-5-0-ipb-fokus-riset-di-bidang-omics-ai-dan-sustainability/?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Smith-Godfrey, S. (2016). Defining the Blue Economy. Maritime Affairs: Journal of the National Maritime Foundation of India, 12(1), 58–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/09733159.2016.1175131
The Age of Sustainable Development. (n.d.). Retrieved June 19, 2026, from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.7312/sach17314/html
The Blue Economy: 10 Years, 100 Innovations, 100 Million Jobs - Gunter A. Pauli - Google Buku. (n.d.). Retrieved June 19, 2026, from https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=id&lr=&id=aJ3HZD1H7ZsC&oi=fnd&pg=PR17&dq=Pauli,+G.+(2010).+The+Blue+Economy:+10+Years,+100+Innovations,+100+Million+Jobs.+Paradigm+Publications.&ots=n-xfe9c95x&sig=SqgFZ9OlPHh4y3eBOzbzfu3xyBQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pauli%2C%20G.%20(2010).%20The%20Blue%20Economy%3A%2010%20Years%2C%20100%20Innovations%2C%20100%20Million%20Jobs.%20Paradigm%20Publications.&f=false
Walshe, R. A., & Stancioff, C. E. (2018). Small Island perspectives on climate change. In Island Studies Journal (Vol. 13, Number 1, pp. 13–24). University of Prince Edward Island. https://doi.org/10.24043/isj.56
Winata, I. N. P. (2023). PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT PESISIR MELALUI PENDEKATAN PENGEMBANGAN USAHA PERIKANAN. Jurnal Kelautan Dan Perikanan Terapan (JKPT), 1, 91. https://doi.org/10.15578/jkpt.v1i0.12053
Wold Bank. (2017). The potential of the blue economy : increasing long-term benefits of the sustainable use of marine resources for small island developing states and coastal least developed countries. https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/523151496389684076
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jalaluddin Jalaluddin, Hayati Hayati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the author as the owner of the paper. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles.
Authors are permitted to disseminate published articles by sharing the link/DOI of the article at the journal. Authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from the journal with an acknowledgment of initial publication to this journal.
