Biomechanics of Flexion and Extension Spinal Injury: A Study of AOSpine Thoracolumbar Fracture Type B

Alisha Chaerani Zubaedi; Amanda Azkiyah Rachman; Excell Defry Hardiant; Romy Healthy Mikailla; Bambang Priyanto

doi:10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10877

Biomechanics of Flexion and Extension Spinal Injury: A Study of AOSpine Thoracolumbar Fracture Type B

Authors

Alisha Chaerani Zubaedi , Amanda Azkiyah Rachman , Excell Defry Hardiant , Romy Healthy Mikailla , Bambang Priyanto

DOI:

10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10877

Published:

2025-12-06

Issue:

Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue

Keywords:

AOSpine, Biomechanics, Distraction fracture, Thoracolumbar fracture

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Zubaedi, A. C., Rachman, A. A., Hardiant, E. D., Mikailla, R. H., & Priyanto, B. (2025). Biomechanics of Flexion and Extension Spinal Injury: A Study of AOSpine Thoracolumbar Fracture Type B. Jurnal Biologi Tropis, 25(4a), 368–376. https://doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10877

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Abstract

The thoracolumbar junction is highly vulnerable to injury due to its transitional biomechanics. Flexion-distraction and extension-distraction forces commonly produce AOSpine Type B injuries. To describe the biomechanics of thoracolumbar flexion and extension injuries and summarize AOSpine Type B fracture mechanisms. A narrative literature review was conducted using scientific articles, textbooks, and AOSpine guidelines focusing on thoracolumbar anatomy, biomechanics, and Type B injury mechanisms. AOSpine Type B injuries result from tension band failure. Flexion-distraction (B1-B2) disrupts posterior structures, whereas extension-distraction (B3) causes anterior tension band failure, often influenced by spinal rigidity or high energy trauma. Understanding biomechanical mechanisms of AOSpine Type B injuries is essential for accurate classification and guiding management decisions.

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Biomechanics of Flexion and Extension Spinal Injury: A Study of AOSpine Thoracolumbar Fracture Type B

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