Morphology, Morphometry, and Nest Structure of Tetragonula biroi (Hymenoptera: Meliponini) In Central Sulawesi
DOI:
10.29303/jbt.v23i3.4985Published:
2023-05-22Downloads
Abstract
Stingless bees are social bees that live in colonies. Indonesia has a variety of stingless bee species that can be identified based on morphological, morphometric and nest structure characters. This study aims to describe the morphological, morphometric and nest structure characteristics of Stingless bee Tetragonula biroi from Sigi Regency. This study used the roaming method to find samples in nature, with a purposive sampling technique. Obtained morphological, morphometry and nest structure data were analyzed using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method with PAST4 software. The morphological characters of the worker bee Tetragonula biroi have a dominant black body, blackish brown abdomen, antennae with 11 flagellomeres, black thorax, black hair standing on the mesoscutum and mesoscutellum, brownish black mandibles, with 5 hamuli. The most dominant character in the formation of seven groups of stingless bees in this study, namely Hamuli Number (HN), Fore Wing Length (FWL), and Length of Forewing Including Tegula (WL1). The nest entrance hole of T. biroi is elliptical in shape with a width of 7.1 cm and a height of 2.8 cm and is light brown in color. The internal structure of the nest of T. biroi consists of honey cells, pollen cells and stem cells. The existence of size differences in the same specimen and from different places, can be influenced by several environmental factors and is also a form of morphological adaptation.
Keywords:
nest structure, morphology, morphometrics, Tetragonula biroi.References
Badan Perencanaan Penelitian & Pengembangan Daerah. (2017). Rencana Kerja Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Sigi Tahun 2018. Sigi.
Gaston, K. J., Chown, S. L. & Evans, K. L. (2008). Ecogeographical rules: Elements of a synthesis. Journal of Biogeography, 35 (3): 483–500. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.13652699.2007.01772.x
Hamid, S. A., Salleh, M. S., Thevan, K. & Hashim, N. A. (2016). Distribution and morphometrical variations of stingless bees (Apidae: Meliponini) in urban and forest areas of Penang Island, Malaysia. Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science, 4 (1): 1–5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47253/jtrss.v4i1.586
Hamzens, W. P. S. (2011). Pengembangan Kawasan Pertanian di Kabupaten Sigi Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Jurnal “Ruang”, 3 (1): 55-62.
Harjanto, S., Mujianto, M., Arbiansyah & Ramlan, A. (2020). Melipolikultur: Petunjuk Praktis Budidaya Lebah Madu Kelulut Sebagai Alternatif Mata Pencaharian Masyarakat. Swaroawa. pp: 4
Kahono, S., Chantawannakul, P. & Engel, M. S. (2018). Social bees and the current status of beekeeping in Indonesia. dalam Chantawannakul, P., Williams, G., Neuman, P. (Eds). Asian Beekeeping in the 21st Century. Berlin, Springer Verlag. pp: 287-306. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8222-1_13
Kelly N., Farisya, M. S. N., Kumara, T. K. & Marcela, P. (2014). Species diversity and external nest characteristics of stingless bees in Meliponiculture. Jurnal of Tropical Agricultural Science, 37 (3): 293-298. Journal homepage: http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/ (Diakses 18 April, 2023)
Lokatis, S. & Jeschke, J. M. (2018). The island rule : An assessment of biases and research trends. Journal of Biogeography, 45 (2): 289–303. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13160
Manuhuwa E., Loiwatu M., Lamberkabel J. S. A. & Rumaf, I. (2013). Produksi Madu, Propolis dan Roti Lebah Tanpa Sengat, (Trigona spp.) Dalam Sarang Bambu. Proisiding Seminar Nasional Masyarakat Peneliti Kalyu Indonesia. (MAPEKI) XVI. pp: 251-259.
Purwanto, H. & Trianto, M. (2021). Deskripsi Spesies Pengukuran Morphometrik dan Identifikasi Molekuler Lebah Tanpa Sengat (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) pada Industri Meliponikultur Provinsi Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Serangga, 26 (1), 13-33. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350872684_species_description_morphometric_measurement_and_molecular_identification_of_stingless_bees_hymenoptera_apidae_meliponini_in_meliponiculture_industry_in_west_java_province_indonesia (Diakses 07 Maret, 2023)
Purwanto, H., Soesilohadi, R. C. H. & Trianto, M. (2022). Stingless bees from meliponiculture in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 23 (3): 1254–1266. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230309
Sakagami S. F. & Inoue, T. (1987). Stingless bees of the genus Trigona (Subgenus Trigonella) with notes on the reduction of sptha in male genitalia of the subgenus Tetragonula (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Kontyu, 55 (4): 610-627.
Sakagami, S. F. (1978). Instructions for use Tetragonula Stingless Bees of the Continental Asia and Sri Lanka ( Hymenoptera , Apidae ) l ) 2 ). J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido University, Zoology, 21 (2), 165–247.
Sayusti, T., Raffiudin, R., Kahono, S. & Nagir, T. (2020). Stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in South and West Sulawesi, Indonesia: morphology, nest structure, and molecular characteristics. Journal of Apicultural Research, 60 (1): 143–156. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00218839.2020.1816272
Schwarz, H. F. (1939). The Indo-Malayan species of Trigona. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 73: 281-328.
Smith, D. R. (2012). Key to workers of Indo-Malayan stingless bees, For use in the Stingless Bees Workshop. 1(1), 1-42.
Suriawanto, N. (2016). Keanekaragaman dan Tempat Bersarang Lebah Tak Bersengat (Hymenoptera: Apidae) di Sulawesi Tengah. Tesis yang diterbitkan untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan gelar Magister. Program Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Suriawanto, N., Atmowidi, T. & Kahono, S. (2017). Nesting Sites Characteristics of Stingless Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Journal of Insect Biodiversity, 5 (10): 1–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12976/jib/2017.5.10
Trianto, M., Marisa, F. & Kisman, M. D. (2020). Tetragonula laeviceps (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini): Morphology, Morphometric, and Nest Structure. Bioeduscience, 4(2): 188–194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22236/j.bes/424924
Trianto, M. & Purwanto, H. (2020). Morphological characteristics and morphometrics of stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Meliponini) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 21(6): 2619–2628. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d210633
Vijayakumar, K. & Jeyaraaj, R. (2014). Taxonomic notes on stingless bee Trigona (Tetragonula) iridipennis Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 6 (11): 6480–6484.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o3773.6480-4
Yudha, D. S., Pratama, M. Z. M. & Eprilurahman, R. (2019). Antlers Characterization for Identification of Deer Species (Family Cervidae) in Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology, 4 (3): 97–106. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.45667
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Sitti Nur Fadhilah, I Made Budiarsa, Masrianih, Fatmah Dhafir, Achmad Ramadhan, Manap Trianto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the author as the owner of the paper. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles.
Authors are permitted to disseminate published articles by sharing the link/DOI of the article at the journal. Authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from the journal with an acknowledgment of initial publication to this journal.
