Durio zibethinus Murr Extracts as Potential Larvacide Against Anopheles aconitus Donitz and Anopheles maculatus Theobald (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors
Silvia Hanna Kusuma Sirait , Insar Damopolii , Regina Valentine AydalinaDOI:
10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3313Published:
2022-03-07Issue:
Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - JuneKeywords:
An. aconitus, An. maculatus, Durio zibethinus, botanical larvicide.Articles
Downloads
How to Cite
Downloads
Metrics
Abstract
Malaria is endemic in most parts of Indonesia. Anopheles aconitus and Anopheles maculatus are examples of dominant malaria vectors in Indonesia. Plant secondary metabolites can be used as malaria vector control that is safe for the ecosystem, one of which is Durio zibethinus leaves which are thought to have active compounds so that they can be used as botanical larvicides. This study aimed to determine the potency of D. zibethinus leaf extract against An. aconitus and An. maculatus and to determine the concentration, type of extract and content of secondary metabolites of D. zibethinus leaves. Determination of LC50 and LC90 using probit analysis. Maceration and remaceration were used to produce the extract and phytochemical screening to determine the active compound of D. zibethinus. The WHO insecticide bioassay testing procedure was used for the larvicide test. Ethanol extract of D. zibethinus leaf as a larvicide for An. aconitus second and third instar and larvae of An. maculatus second and third instar had LC50 respectively: 480; 520; 510; and 540 ppm and LC90 respectively: 750; 760; 760; and 810 ppm. D. zibethinus leaf aqueous extract as larvicides against larvae of An. aconitus second and third instar and larvae of An. maculatus second and third instar had LC50 values respectively 14,500; 16,400; 22,100; and 23,300 ppm and LC90 respectively, 26,100; 27,200; 30,600; and 33,700 ppm. Ethanol extract of D. zibethinus leaves was more effective as a larvicide. Alkaloid, saponins and tannins were found in the leaves of D. zibethinus through phytochemical screening.
References
Brown, M. J. (1997). Durio - A Bibliographic Review (R. K. Arora, V. R. Rao, & A. N. Rao (eds.)). IPGRI office for South Asia.
Chaieb, I. (2010). Saponins as insecticides: a review. Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection, 5(1), 39ââ¬â50.
Copping, L. G. (2004). The Manual of Biocontrol Agents (Third edit). BCPC Publication.
Finney, D. J. (1971). Probit Analysis (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Gillot, C. (2005). Entomology. Springer Netherlands.
Harborne, J. B. (1987). Metode Fitokimia. Penuntun Cara Modern Menganalisis Tumbuhan (Terbitan k). Penerbit ITB.
Hayes, W. J., & Laws, E. R. (2010). Hayesââ¬â¢ Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology (R. Krieger (ed.); 3rd ed.). Academic Press.
Ivoke, N., Okafor, F., & Owoicho, L. (2010). Evaluation of ovicidal and larvicidal effects of leave extracts of Hyptis suaveolens (L) POIT (Lamiaceae) against Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Anophelidae) Complex. Animal Research International, 6(3), 1072ââ¬â1076. https://doi.org/10.4314/ari.v6i3.55987
MrdakoviÃâ¡, M., Vesna P. M., Larisa I., Milena V., Milena J. T., Dejan M. & Jelica L. (2013). Response Of Lymantria Dispar (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Larvae from Differently Adapted Populations to Allelochemical Stress: Effects of Tannic Acid. Eur. J. Entomol. 110(1): 55ââ¬â63. http://www.eje.cz/pdfs/110/1/55
Nagappan, R. (2012). Evaluation of aqueous and ethanol extract of bioactive medicinal plant, Cassia didymobotrya (Fresenius) Irwin & Barneby against immature stages of filarial vector, Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 2(9), 707ââ¬â711. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60214-7
Nurliani, A. (2007). Penelusuran potensi antifertilitas kulit kayu Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr) melalui skrining fitokimia. Jurnal Sains Dan Terapan Kimia, 1(2), 53ââ¬â58.
Santi, L. Y. (2011). Efektivitas Ekstrak Kulit Durian (Durio Zibethinus Murr) sebagai Pengendali Nyamuk Aedes spp Tahun 2010. Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Soerono, M., Badawi, A. S., Muir, D. A., Soedono, A., & Siran, M. (1865). Observations on doubly resistant Anopheles aconitus Dönitz in Java, Indonesia, and on its amenability to treatment with malathion. Bull World Health Organ, 33(4), 453ââ¬â459. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/65256
Ubulom, P. M. E., Imandeh, G. N., Ettebong, E. O., & Udobi, C. E. (2012). Potential Larvicidal Properties of Blighia sapida Leaf Extracts against Larvae of An. gambiae, Cu. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti. British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2(4), 259ââ¬â268. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJPR/2012/1870
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Silvia Hanna Kusuma Sirait, Insar Damopolii, Regina Valentine Aydalina
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the author as the owner of the paper. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles.
Authors are permitted to disseminate published articles by sharing the link/DOI of the article at the journal. Authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from the journal with an acknowledgment of initial publication to this journal.