Kekayaan Spesies Ikan Hasil Tangkapan Nelayan Kecil pada Areal Padang Lamun di Perairan Pesisir sepanjang Pantai Lombok Tengah
DOI:
10.29303/jpm.v15i3.1811Published:
2020-06-10Issue:
Vol. 15 No. 3 (2020): JuniKeywords:
- Lamun, Kekayaan Spesies ikan dan Nelayan KecilArticles
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Abstract
Perikanan skala kecil adalah perikanan dengan ciri teknologi sederhana dan keberadaannya tergantung pada keterrsediaan sumberdaya ikan di wilayah perairan pesisir, seperti padaÃÂ perairan sekitar padang lamun.ÃÂ Tujuan penelitian adalah mengeksplorasi kekayaan spesies ikan hasil tangkapan nelayan kecil pada perairan padang lamun di sepanjang perairan pesisir Lombok Tengah. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode transek dan kuadran untuk lamun, ÃÂ dan ikan menggunkan teknik purposive sampling. ÃÂ Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik diskriftif. Selanjutnya, analisis nilai keanekaragaman menggunakan Indeks Shannon-Wiener, keseragaman dengan Evennes Indeks ÃÂ dan dominansi dengan Simpson Indeks. Spesies lamun yang ditemukan adalah 10 spesies. Komposisi spesies ikan terdiri dari 22 famili dan 32 spersies. Sardinella gibosa dengan jumlah individu paling tinggi (21, 70 %) dan yang paling rendah adalah adalah Gazza minuta,ÃÂ Lutjanus fulviflamma dan Paraplagusia blochiÃÂ sebesar 0,07 %. Lokasi dengan nilai Indeks Keanegaraman ikan paling tinggi adalah Teluk Kute (2,39) dan yang paling rendah adalah Teluk Gerupuk (2,0). Indek ekologi lain, seperti ÃÂ indeks keseragaman (E) dan Dominansi (D) menujukkan bahwa ÃÂ tingkat keseragaman ikan berada pada katagori sedang dan tidak ada spesies ikan yang dominan. Asosiasi ikan dengan lamun dalah bukti kontribusi perikanan di perairan padang lamun dapat menjadi sumber matapencaharian nelayan kecil di lokasi studi, terutama dari keberadaan kelompok ikan ekonomi tinggi seperti famili Siganidae,ÃÂ Scaridae, Lutjanidae, Mullidae dan Carangidae. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah perlindungan kekayaan spesies ikan yang berasosiasi dengan lamun bertujuan tidak hanya memelihara aspek ekologi tetapi sangat penting untuk matapencaharian nelayan kecil. ÃÂ
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Author Biographies
Nila Sari, Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Universitas Mataram
Abdul Syukur, Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Universitas Mataram
Karnan Karnan, Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Universitas Mataram
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