FERMENTASI GLUKOSA HASIL HIDROLISIS BUAH KUMBI UNTUK BAHAN BAKU BIOETANOL
DOI:
10.29303/jpm.v11i1.5Published:
2016-03-01Issue:
Vol. 11 No. 1 (2016): MaretArticles
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Abstract
Abstrak. Kumbi atau Voacanga foetida (blume) rolfe merupakan tumbuhan dari family Apocynaceae. Pulau Lombok merupakan daerah utama tempat tumbuhnya ââ¬ËKumbiââ¬â¢ ini. Kumbi memiliki kandungan selulosa yang cukup tinggi. Selulosa merupakan salah satu bahan baku dalam pembuatan bioetanol. Sebelumnya telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pembuatan bioetanol dari buah Kumbi (Voacanga foetida (blume) rolfe) ini dengan kadar 14% dan % rendemen sebesar 14,793%. Hasil yang didapatkan ini sudah cukup tinggi namun belum memenuhi syarat untuk dijadikan sebagai bahan baku campuran pada bahan bakar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu fermentasi terhadap rendemen bioetanol dari buah kumbi menggunakan Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan Rhyzopus oryzae. Metode yang digunakan adalah hidrolisis dengan HCl dan fermentasi menggunakan Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan Rhyzopus oryzae. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, bioetanol dari buah kumbi dapat diproduksi melalui proses hidrolisis dan fermentasi menggunakan Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan Rhyzopus oryzae dengan variasi suhu fermentasi 28ðC, 30ðC, 32ðC, 34ðC, 36ðC, 38ðC dan 40ðC, dan destilasi pada suhu 78 oC, menghasilkan rendemen bioetanol kasar pada suhu optimum 36 ðC sebesar 66,02% (w/w) menggunakan Saccharomyces cerevisiae sedangkan dengan rasio yang sama menggunakan Rhyzopus oryzae suhu optimum dicapai pada 32ðC, menghasilkan rendemen bioetanol kasar sebesar 88,14% (w/w).
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Kata kunci: Bioetanol, Buah Kumbi, Hidrolisis, Fermentasi
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àààÃÂAbstract. ààKumbi or Voacanga foetida (blume) Rolfe is a plant of the family Apocynaceae. àLombok Island is the main area where the growth of Kumbi. Kumbi has a high cellulose content. Cellulose is a raw material in the manufacture of bioethanol. Research for bioethanol production from fruit Kumbi (Voacanga foetida (blume) Rolfe) generates yield of 14.793%. These results are not yet eligible to be used as raw material in the fuel mixture. This study aims to determine the effect of temperature on the yield of bioethanol fermentation of fruit Kumbi using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhyzopus oryzae. The method used is by HCl hydrolysis and fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhyzopus oryzae. The results showed that ethanol from Kumbi fruit can be produced by the hydrolysis and fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhyzopus oryzae. Fermentation temperature variation used was 28 ðC, 30 ðC, 32 ðC, 34 ðC, 36 ðC, 38 ðC, 40 ðC and distilled at a temperature of 78 C. The yield of bioethanol 66.02% (w/w ) obtained using Saccharomyces cerevisiae at a temperature of 36 ðC while the same ratio used Rhyzopus oryzae produce bioethanol yield of 88.14% (w / w) at a temperature of 32 oC.
Keywords: Bioethanol, Fruit Kumbi, hydrolysis, fermentationLicense
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