Electrochemical analysis of butylated hydroxytoluene
DOI:
10.29303/jpm.v18i6.5858Published:
2023-11-30Downloads
Abstract
Electrochemical analysis has carried out butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) measurements. Cyclic voltammetry is used in this research as a qualitative-quantitative analysis of oxidation and reduction reaction processes, adsorption processes on electrode surfaces, and chemical electron transfer mechanisms. This research aims to determine the optimum deposition time and scan rate in cyclic voltammetry, the BHT standard equation, the limit of detection, and the recovery percentage. In this research, a deposition time of 25 seconds produces the highest current response of 3.89672 x 10-4 Ampere. The scan rate is 150 mV/second, producing the highest and optimum current response of 4.24561 x 10-4 Ampere. BHT standard equation y = (4.92784 x 10-6) x + (1.25207 x 10-4) is obtained with R2 = 0.99933. The limit of detection value is 2.69683 ppm, and the recovery percentage is 101.314%. Therefore, this cyclic voltammetry method is suitable for analyzing BHT because it has high sensitivity.
Keywords:
Butylated Hydroxytoluene, Electrochemistry, Cyclic VoltammetryReferences
Aprilia, V., Bhima, S. K. L., & Ismail, A. (2018). Pengaruh Pemberian Butylated Hydroxytoluene (2, 6-Di-Tert-Butyl-4-Methylphenol) Per Oral Dosis Bertingkat Terhadap Gambaran Histopatologis Ginjal. Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro, 7(2), 1154-1165.
Makahleh, A., Saad, B., & Bari, M. F. (2015). Synthetic phenolics as antioxidants for food preservation. In Handbook of antioxidants for food preservation (pp. 51-78). Woodhead publishing. pp. 51–78. doi:
Bernauer, U., Bodin, L., Chaudhry, Q., Coenraads, P. J., Dusinska, M., Ezendam, J., ... & Von Goetz, N. (2021). SCCS OPINION on Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT)-SCCS/1636/21-Preliminary version.
Lanigan, R. S., & Yamarik, T. A. (2002). Final report on the safety assessment of BHT (1). International journal of toxicology, 21, 19-94.
Biparva, P., Ehsani, M., & Hadjmohammadi, M. R. (2012). Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction using extraction solvents lighter than water combined with high performance liquid chromatography for determination of synthetic antioxidants in fruit juice samples. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 27(1), 87-94. doi:
Brown, J. A. (2013). Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases. Washington. National Library of Medicine. Accessed: Jun. 07, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://haz-map.com/
Dong, M. (2013). The essence of modern HPLC: advantages, limitations, fundamentals, and opportunities. LCGC Asia Pacific, 16(3), 24-29.
Elgrishi, N., Rountree, K. J., McCarthy, B. D., Rountree, E. S., Eisenhart, T. T., & Dempsey, J. L. (2018). A practical beginner’s guide to cyclic voltammetry. Journal of chemical education, 95(2), 197-206.
Chooto, P. (2019). Cyclic voltammetry and its applications. Voltammetry. IntechOpen, 1.
Moosavi, S. M., & Ghassabian, S. (2018). Linearity of calibration curves for analytical methods: A review of criteria for assessment of method reliability. Calibration and validation of analytical methods: a sampling of current approaches, 109.
Uhrovčík, J. (2014). Strategy for determination of LOD and LOQ values–Some basic aspects. Talanta, 119, 178-180.
Lee, D. K., In, J., & Lee, S. (2015). Standard deviation and standard error of the mean. Korean journal of anesthesiology, 68(3), 220-223.
Ganash, A., Alshammari, S., & Ganash, E. (2022). Development of a Novel Electrochemical Sensor Based on Gold Nanoparticle-Modified Carbon-Paste Electrode for the Detection of Congo Red Dye. Molecules, 28(1), 19.
Kolliopoulos, A. V., Metters, J. P., & Banks, C. E. (2013). Screen printed graphite electrochemical sensors for the voltammetric determination of antimony (III). Analytical Methods, 5(14), 3490-3496.
Jakubczyk, M., & Michalkiewicz, S. (2018). Electrochemical behavior of butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene in acetic acid solutions and their voltammetric determination in pharmaceutical preparations. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci, 13, 4251-4266.
Bard, A. J., Faulkner, L. R., & White, H. S. (2022). Electrochemical methods: fundamentals and applications. John Wiley & Sons.
Chaturvedi, A., & Kundu, P. P. (2021). Synthesis of Co-Fe nanoparticle supported on titanium oxide-nanotubes (TiO2-NTs) as enhanced oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalyst. Materials Today: Proceedings, 45, 5518-5522.
Muryanto, M. (2020). Validasi Metode Analisa Amonia pada Air Tanah Menggunakan Metode Spectrofotometri. Indonesian Journal of Laboratory, 2(1), 40-44.
AOAC International. (2016). Guidelines for Standard Method Performance Requirements. pp. 1–18.
Fichorova, R. N., Richardson-Harman, N., Alfano, M., Belec, L., Carbonneil, C., Chen, S., ... & Cummins, Jr, J. E. (2008). Biological and technical variables affecting immunoassay recovery of cytokines from human serum and simulated vaginal fluid: a multicenter study. Analytical chemistry, 80(12), 4741-4751.
Hidayati, E. N., Alauhdin, M., & Prasetya, A. T. (2014). Perbandingan metode destruksi pada analisis pb dalam rambut dengan AAS. Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science, 3(1).
Irdhawati, I., Methaninditya, N. K. S. M., & Putra, A. A. B. Carbon Paste Electrode Modified by Dibenzo-18-crown-6 for the Determination of Paracetamol Using Differential Pulse Voltammetry Technique. Indonesian Journal of Chemistry, 23(1), 53-6.
Metto, M., Eramias, S., Gelagay, B., & Washe, A. P. (2019). Voltammetric determination of uric acid in clinical serum samples using DMF modified screen printed carbon electrodes. International Journal of Electrochemistry.
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Nur Anisa Rosyiidah, Pirim Setiarso
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The following terms apply to authors who publish in this journal:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal first publication rights, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License (CC-BY License) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and first publication in this journal.
2. Authors may enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., posting it to an institutional repository or publishing it in a book), acknowledging its initial publication in this journal.
3. Before and during the submission process, authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website), as this can lead to productive exchanges as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Downloads
How to Cite
