Biomechanics of Flexion and Extension Spinal Injury: A Study of AOSpine Thoracolumbar Fracture Type B
DOI:
10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10877Published:
2025-12-06Downloads
Abstract
The thoracolumbar junction is highly vulnerable to injury due to its transitional biomechanics. Flexion-distraction and extension-distraction forces commonly produce AOSpine Type B injuries. To describe the biomechanics of thoracolumbar flexion and extension injuries and summarize AOSpine Type B fracture mechanisms. A narrative literature review was conducted using scientific articles, textbooks, and AOSpine guidelines focusing on thoracolumbar anatomy, biomechanics, and Type B injury mechanisms. AOSpine Type B injuries result from tension band failure. Flexion-distraction (B1-B2) disrupts posterior structures, whereas extension-distraction (B3) causes anterior tension band failure, often influenced by spinal rigidity or high energy trauma. Understanding biomechanical mechanisms of AOSpine Type B injuries is essential for accurate classification and guiding management decisions.
Keywords:
AOSpine Biomechanics Distraction fracture Thoracolumbar fractureReferences
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