Efektivitas Open-ended Problem Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah dan Berpikir Kreatif Matematis: Kajian Literatur
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Abdul Aziz , Caswita Caswita , Sugeng SutiarsoDOI:
10.29303/jm.v7i2.7139Published:
2025-06-02Issue:
Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Edisi JuniKeywords:
masalah open-ended; pemecahan masalah; berpikir kreatif; pembelajaran matematika; kajian literaturArticles
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Abstract
Penelitian ini merupakan kajian literatur sistematis yang bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas pendekatan open-ended problem terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa. Kajian dilakukan terhadap 30 artikel terpilih yang diperoleh dari berbagai database ilmiah. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah content analysis dengan klasifikasi berdasarkan jenjang pendidikan, konteks geografis, pendekatan metodologis, serta dimensi kemampuan yang dikaji. Pada tingkat SD hingga perguruan tinggi, pendekatan open-ended problem efektif dalam menumbuhkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan pemecahan masalah, mulai dari eksplorasi ide, keterampilan analisis, refleksi, dan fleksibilitas. Secara geografis, penelitian luar negeri cenderung mengadopsi pendekatan yang lebih beragam dan inovatif dengan hasil yang konsisten positif, sementara penelitian dalam negeri juga menunjukkan efektivitas yang baik meski masih menghadapi beberapa tantangan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa open-ended problem secara umum efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan berpikir kreatif siswa. Faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap efektivitasnya meliputi kualitas perancangan soal, kompetensi guru, serta keterlibatan aktif siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Studi ini merekomendasikan integrasi open-ended problem dalam praktik pembelajaran matematika untuk menumbuhkan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi.
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