Antioxidant Potential and Phytochemical Profiles of Scurrula ferruginea Stem Fractions Parasitizing Baccaurea racemosa
DOI:
10.29303/jpm.v21i5.12522Published:
2026-09-30Downloads
Abstract
Scurrula ferruginea (Roxb. ex Jack) Danser is a hemiparasitic plant of the Loranthaceae family traditionally used to treat hypertension, skin infections, digestive disorders, and cancer. Despite its ethnomedicinal importance, the antioxidant potential of the stem, particularly when growing on the host Baccaurea racemosa, remains largely unexplored. This study investigated the antioxidant activity and phytochemical profile of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water fractions derived from the methanol extract of S. ferruginea stem through liquid-liquid fractionation, phytochemical screening, and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. Absorbance was measured spectrophotometrically at 517 nm and the IC50 value was calculated via linear regression analysis. Phytochemical screening revealed distinct solvent-dependent metabolite distributions: the initial non-polar n-hexane fraction was dominated by terpenoids and steroids; the intermediate semi-polar ethyl acetate fraction successfully accumulated a dense combination of flavonoids and steroids; while the highly polar water fraction selectively retained glycoside-form flavonoids; no alkaloids were detected in any fraction. In strict alignment with these chemical profiles, all fractions exhibited dose-dependent radical-scavenging activity. The n-hexane fraction exhibited baseline activity with a strong antioxidant capacity (IC50 = 98.28 ± 1.15 ppm), followed by a remarkable peak in the ethyl acetate fraction, which demonstrated the most potent free radical-scavenging capacity within the very strong antioxidant category (IC50 = 45.53 ± 0.58 ppm). Lastly, the potency decreased slightly in the water fraction, which fell into the strong antioxidant tier (IC50 = 73.18 ± 0.82 ppm). The high antioxidant activity of the ethyl acetate fraction may be associated with the presence of flavonoids and steroids. provides a preliminary scientific record of the strong fractional antioxidant capacity of S. ferruginea stem parasitizing the Baccaurea racemosa host, supporting its promising potential as a natural antioxidant source while highlighting the need for future quantitative, structural, and in vivo investigations.
Keywords:
Antioxidant DPPH Fractionation Scurrula ferrugineaReferences
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